Regional Differences in American Indian/Alaska Native Chronic Respiratory Disease Disparity: Evidence from National Survey Results
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Measures
3. Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Unequal Prevalence of Chronic Respiratory Disease
4.2. The AI/AN Race/Ethnicity Variable Was Associated with Disease Only in the AI/AN-Low Geographic Region
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Weighted Prevalence (95% CI) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AI/AN | White | |||||
Year | AI/AN-High | AI/AN-Low | p Value | AI/AN-High | AI/AN-Low | p Value |
2019 | 20.7 (18.3–23.2) | 28.8 (24.9–33.0) | 0.001 | 18.4 (17.8–19.0) | 19.7 (19.4–20.0) | 4.12 × 10−4 |
2018 | 23.5 (20.6–26.6) | 31.8 (27.7–36.3) | 0.002 | 17.8 (17.2–18.4) | 19.3 (19.0–19.7) | 2.93 × 10−5 |
2017 | 20.9 (18.7–23.2) | 31.5 (27.8–35.4) | 1.55 × 10−6 | 17.5 (16.9–18.1) | 19.3 (18.9–19.6) | 4.67 × 10−7 |
2016 | 22.4 (19.9–25.1) | 26.2 (23.1–29.5) | NS (0.079) | 16.7 (16.2–17.2) | 18.4 (18.1–18.7) | 1.60 × 10−7 |
2015 | 19.7 (17.0–22.8) | 31.2 (27.8–34.9) | 8.48 × 10−7 | 17.3 (16.8–17.9) | 18.5 (18.2–18.8) | 3.93 × 10−4 |
2014 | 19.9 (17.9–22.2) | 28.4 (25.1–32.0) | 2.41 × 10−5 | 16.7 (16.2–17.2) | 18.3 (18.0–18.6) | 3.07 × 10−8 |
2013 | 22.5 (19.6–25.7) | 28.1 (24.7–31.7) | 0.019 | 17.2 (16.6–17.8) | 18.4 (18.1–18.7) | 4.57 × 10−4 |
2012 | 19.0 (16.8–21.3) | 28.8 (25.3–32.5) | 2.47 × 10−6 | 15.5 (15.1–16.0) | 17.2 (16.9–17.5) | 8.14 × 10−9 |
2011 | 19.9 (17.4–22.7) | 24.9 (21.8–28.3) | 0.019 | 16.3 (15.7–16.8) | 17.6 (17.3–17.8) | 8.43 × 10−5 |
OR (95% CI) | ||
---|---|---|
Year | White | AI/AN |
2019 | 1 (Reference) | 1.33 (1.07–1.66) |
2018 | 1 (Reference) | 1.53 (1.26–1.87) |
2017 | 1 (Reference) | 1.48 (1.24–1.77) |
2016 | 1 (Reference) | 1.28 (1.08–1.51) |
2015 | 1 (Reference) | 1.58 (1.33–1.88) |
2014 | 1 (Reference) | 1.36 (1.13–1.64) |
2013 | 1 (Reference) | 1.34 (1.13–1.58) |
2012 | 1 (Reference) | 1.50 (1.25–1.81) |
2011 | 1 (Reference) | 1.26 (1.06–1.51) |
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Laffey, K.G.; Nelson, A.D.; Laffey, M.J.; Nguyen, Q.; Sheets, L.R.; Schrum, A.G. Regional Differences in American Indian/Alaska Native Chronic Respiratory Disease Disparity: Evidence from National Survey Results. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 1070. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081070
Laffey KG, Nelson AD, Laffey MJ, Nguyen Q, Sheets LR, Schrum AG. Regional Differences in American Indian/Alaska Native Chronic Respiratory Disease Disparity: Evidence from National Survey Results. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(8):1070. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081070
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaffey, Kimberly G., Alfreda D. Nelson, Matthew J. Laffey, Quynh Nguyen, Lincoln R. Sheets, and Adam G. Schrum. 2024. "Regional Differences in American Indian/Alaska Native Chronic Respiratory Disease Disparity: Evidence from National Survey Results" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 8: 1070. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081070