Perceived Risk of Binge Drinking among Older Alcohol Users: Associations with Alcohol Use Frequency, Binge Drinking, Alcohol Use Disorder, and Alcohol Treatment Use
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Measures
2.3. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Prevalence of Alcohol Use, Binge Drinking, AUD, and Alcohol Risk Perception
3.2. Characteristics of Past-Year Alcohol Users by Risk Perception
3.3. Associations of Risk Perception with Alcohol Use Frequency, Binge Use Frequency, and AUD
3.4. Association of Alcohol Treatment Use and Risk Perception
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aged 50 and Older | Aged 50–64 | Aged 65 and Older | p a | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Of all older adults | ||||
Sample N | 10,560 | 5369 | 5191 | |
Population size | 118,705,224 | 61,928,903 | 56,776,322 | |
Past-year alcohol use | 61.5 (59.9–63.1) | 66.4 (64.3–68.5) | 56.1 (53.6–58.6) | <0.001 |
Past-month binge drinking | 16.3 (15.2–17.4) | 22.0 (20.4–23.7) | 10.1 (8.6–11.6) | <0.001 |
Alcohol use disorder | 7.3 (6.5–8.1) | 10.0 (8.6–11.5) | 4.3 (3.5–5.2) | <0.001 |
Perceived risk of binge alcohol use 1–2 times a week | 0.015 | |||
No risk | 2.6 (2.1–3.3) | 2.7 (2.0–3.7) | 2.4 (1.9–3.2) | |
Slight risk | 13.8 (12.8–14.8) | 15.4 (13.8–17.2) | 12.0 (10.8–13.3) | |
Moderate risk | 36.7 (35.1–38.2) | 36.5 (34.5–38.5) | 36.8 (34.7–39.1) | |
Great risk | 45.8 (44.0–47.7) | 44.3 (41.9–46.8) | 47.5 (45.1–49.8) | |
Missing | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | |
Of past year alcohol users | ||||
Sample N | 6693 | 3631 | 3062 | |
Population size | 72,994,534 | |||
Past-month binge drinking | 26.5 (24.8–28.2) | 33.3 (30.9–35.5) | 17.8 (16.5–20.5) | <0.001 |
Alcohol use disorder | 11.8 (10.5–13.2) | 15.0 (13.0–17.3) | 7.6 (6.3–9.2) | <0.001 |
Perceived risk of binge alcohol use 1–2 times a week | 0.198 | |||
No risk | 2.8 (2.1–3.7) | 2.7 (1.8–3.9) | 3.0 (2.1–4.3) | |
Slight risk | 16.8 (15.5–18.2) | 18.2 (16.3–20.3) | 15.0 (13.1–17.2) | |
Moderate risk | 39.5 (37.3–41.7) | 39.6 (36.9–42.5) | 39.3 (36.7–41.9) | |
Great risk | 40.1 (38.0–41.8) | 38.8 (36.1–41.6) | 41.8 (39.0–44.7) | |
Missing | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) |
N (%) | No Great Risk Perception | Great Risk Perception | p |
---|---|---|---|
3919 (59.9%) | 2774 (40.1%) | ||
Age group (%) | 0.112 | ||
50–64 years | 57.6 | 54.5 | |
65+ years | 42.4 | 45.5 | |
Gender (%) | <0.001 | ||
Male | 55.0 | 42.8 | |
Female | 45.0 | 57.2 | |
Race/ethnicity (%) | <0.001 | ||
Non-Hispanic white | 78.1 | 69.6 | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 7.4 | 10.6 | |
Hispanic | 9.5 | 13.4 | |
All other | 5.0 | 6.5 | |
Married (%) | 63.3 | 61.1 | 0.233 |
College degree (%) | 35.5 | 41.5 | 0.005 |
Income (%) | 0.502 | ||
Below poverty line | 6.8 | 7.8 | |
Up to 2X poverty line | 14.7 | 13.5 | |
More than 2X poverty line | 78.5 | 78.7 | |
No. of chronic illnesses (M, SE) | 1.0 (0.02) | 1.02 (0.03) | 0.292 |
Any emergency department visit (%) | 24.6 | 23.6 | 0.515 |
Past-year any mental illness (%) | 0.503 | ||
None | 86.6 | 87.9 | |
Mild | 6.7 | 6.2 | |
Moderate | 3.8 | 3.7 | |
Severe | 2.9 | 2.1 | |
Cannabis use (%) | 19.9 | 13.0 | <0.001 |
Cannabidiol (CBD) use (%) | 20.7 | 19.2 | 0.375 |
Nicotine dependence (%) | 9.2 | 5.5 | 0.004 |
Disorder of any psychotherapeutics a use (%) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0.937 |
Illicit drug (other than cannabis) use (%) | 6.3 | 5.2 | 0.290 |
Alcohol use frequency (%) | <0.001 | ||
1–11 days | 19.3 | 28.0 | |
12–49 days | 21.6 | 25.6 | |
50–99 days | 12.5 | 13.2 | |
100–299 days | 34.2 | 26.9 | |
300–365 days | 12.3 | 6.3 | |
Driving under the influence of alcohol (%) | 10.1 | 4.0 | <0.001 |
Alcohol binge use (%) | 34.3 | 14.9 | <0.001 |
None | 65.7 | 85.1 | |
1–2 days | 16.8 | 10.1 | |
3–5 days | 9.5 | 2.7 | |
6–19 days | 5.7 | 1.3 | |
20–30 days | 2.3 | 0.8 | |
Alcohol heavy use (%) | 10.3 | 2.4 | <0.001 |
Alcohol use disorder (%) | 14.4 | 7.9 | <0.001 |
None | 85.6 | 92.1 | |
Mild | 9.5 | 5.0 | |
Moderate | 2.8 | 1.1 | |
Severe | 2.1 | 1.8 | |
Alcohol treatment use (%) | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.921 |
Any substance (including alcohol) treatment use (%) | 3.8 | 3.8 | 0.981 |
Any substance use support group participation (%) | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.537 |
Perceived Great Risk of Binge Use vs. No Perceived Great Risk Perception | |||
---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
IRR (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) | |
Alcohol use frequency: vs. 1–11 days | |||
12–49 days | 0.92 (0.80–1.05) | ||
50–99 days | 0.89 (0.76–1.03) | ||
100–299 days | 0.78 (0.69–0.87) *** | ||
300–365 days | 0.60 (0.48–0.74) *** | ||
Binge drinking days: vs. none | |||
1–2 days | 0.64 (0.54–0.76) *** | ||
3–5 days | 0.39 (0.29–0.52) *** | ||
6–19 days | 0.33 (0.19–0.57) *** | ||
20–30 days | 0.48 (0.25–0.93) *** | ||
Alcohol use disorder: vs. none | |||
Mild | 0.71 (0.54–0.94) * | ||
Moderate | 0.64 (0.38–1.07) | ||
Severe | 1.29 (0.88–1.89) | ||
65+ years vs. 50–64 years | 1.07 (0.97–1.17) | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) |
Female vs. Male | 1.27 (1.16–1.38) *** | 1.25 (1.15–1.36) *** | 1.30 (1.19–1.42) *** |
Race/ethnicity: vs. non-Hispanic white | |||
Non-Hispanic Black | 1.32 (1.14–1.52) *** | 1.37 (1.19–1.58) *** | 1.34 (1.17–1.54) *** |
Hispanic | 1.28 (1.09–1.51) ** | 1.32 (1.13–1.54) ** | 1.33 (1.13–1.55) ** |
Other | 1.19 (1.02–1.39) * | 1.22 (1.03–1.42) * | 1.23 (1.06–1.44) ** |
Married/partnered vs. not married | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) |
College degree vs. no degree | 1.21 (1.09–1.34) *** | 1.13 (1.03–1.25) * | 1.18 (1.07–1.31) ** |
Income: vs. below poverty line | |||
Up to 2X poverty line | 0.86 (0.70–1.07) | 0.85 (0.68–1.05) | 0.87 (0.70–1.07) |
More than 2X poverty line | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) | 0.90 (0.73–1.10) | 0.94 (0.76–1.15) |
No. of chronic medical condition | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 1.02 (0.98–1.06) |
ED visit: vs. no ED visit | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 1.04 (1.03–1.25) *** | 1.02 (0.92–1.14) |
Past-year mental illness: vs. none | |||
Mild | 0.91 (0.76–1.09) | 0.85 (0.68–1.05) | 0.94 (0.79–1.12) |
Moderate/severe | 0.92 (0.72–1.17) | 0.93 (0.73–1.19) | 0.94 (0.73–1.22) |
Alcohol DUI vs. no DUI | 0.61 (0.49–0.75) *** | 0.67 (0.53–0.83) ** | 0.57 (0.46–0.71) *** |
Cannabis use vs. non-use | 0.80 (0.68–0.93) ** | 0.81 (0.70–0.94) ** | 0.79 (0.68–0.92) ** |
CBD use vs. non-use | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) | 1.07 (0.95–1.21) | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) |
Nicotine dependence vs. none | 0.78 (0.60–1.02) | 0.83 (0.65–1.07) | 0.76 (0.58–0.99) * |
Disorder of any psychotherapeutics use vs. no disorder | 1.07 (0.76–1.51) | 1.11 (0.79–1.57) | 1.12 (0.80–1.57) |
Illicit drug use excluding cannabis vs. non-use | 1.03 (0.78–1.36) | 1.05 (0.80–1.37) | 1.01 (0.77–1.33) |
N= 6615 | N = 6615 | N = 6615 |
Treatment Use vs. Non-Use | |
---|---|
IRR (95% CI) | |
Great alcohol risk perception vs. no great risk perception | 1.44 (0.77–2.71) |
Alcohol use disorder: vs. none | |
Mild | 5.09 (1.72–15.06) ** |
Moderate | 22.51 (7.87–64.37) *** |
Severe | 47.5 (18.48–121.88) *** |
65+ years vs. 50–64 years | 1.70 (0.88–3.28) |
Female vs. Male | 0.65 (0.35–1.21) |
Race/ethnicity: vs. non-Hispanic white | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 0.85 (0.30–2.29) |
Hispanic | 1.55 (0.53–4.52) |
Other | 1.80 (0.65–4.95) |
Married/partnered vs. not married | 0.68 (0.41–1.11) |
College degree vs. no degree | 0.82 (0.46–1.44) |
Income: vs. below poverty line | |
Up to 2X poverty line | 0.69 (0.30–1.60) |
More than 2X poverty line | 0.71 (0.29–1.76) |
No. of chronic medical condition | 0.86 (0.67–1.11) |
ED visit: vs. no ED visit | 1.20 (0.66–2.19) |
Past-year mental illness: vs. none | |
Mild | 2.18 (1.03–4.61) * |
Moderate/severe | 1.78 (0.65–4.86) |
Alcohol DUI vs. no DUI | 0.85 (0.47–1.54) |
Cannabis use vs. non-use | 1.12 (0.67–1.88) |
CBD use vs. non-use | 1.50 (0.85–2.65) |
Nicotine dependence vs. none | 1.67 (0.92–3.02) |
Disorder of any psychotherapeutics use vs. no disorder | 2.32 (1.06–5.09) * |
Illicit drug use excluding cannabis vs. non-use | 0.89 (0.36–2.21) |
N= 6615 |
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Choi, N.G.; Marti, C.N.; Choi, B.Y. Perceived Risk of Binge Drinking among Older Alcohol Users: Associations with Alcohol Use Frequency, Binge Drinking, Alcohol Use Disorder, and Alcohol Treatment Use. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081081
Choi NG, Marti CN, Choi BY. Perceived Risk of Binge Drinking among Older Alcohol Users: Associations with Alcohol Use Frequency, Binge Drinking, Alcohol Use Disorder, and Alcohol Treatment Use. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(8):1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081081
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Namkee G., C. Nathan Marti, and Bryan Y. Choi. 2024. "Perceived Risk of Binge Drinking among Older Alcohol Users: Associations with Alcohol Use Frequency, Binge Drinking, Alcohol Use Disorder, and Alcohol Treatment Use" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 8: 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21081081