Perceptions Matter! Active Physical Recreation Participation of Children with High and Low Actual and Perceived Physical Competence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measures
2.3. Fundamental Motor Skills
2.4. Perceived Physical Competence
2.5. Active Physical Recreation
2.6. Procedures
2.7. Data Treatment and Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Accuracy and Developmental Mechanisms
4.2. Higher Perceptions of Physical Competence Clusters
4.3. Lower Perceptions of Physical Competence Clusters
4.4. Sex-Based Differences in Active Physical Recreation
4.5. Future Recommendations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CAPE Dimension (Score Range) | Score Interpretations |
---|---|
Intensity (1–7) | 1 = one time in the past four months 2 = two times in the past four months 3 = one time a month 4 = two to three times a month 5 = one time a week 6 = two to three times a week 7 = one time a day or more |
Low–Low | High–High | Low FMS–High PPC (L-H) | High FMS–Low PPC (H-L) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable (Range) | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
Grade 3 | ||||||||
n | 31 (boys = 15) | 63 (boys = 30) | 27 (boys = 12) | 34 (boys = 13) | ||||
FMS (0–96) a,c,d | 57.71 | 6.01 | 69.32 | 7.32 | 54.22 | 6.37 | 69.74 | 6.18 |
PPC (6–24) a,b,c,d,e | 12.87 | 2.69 | 21.81 | 1.83 | 19.15 | 2.16 | 15.59 | 2.66 |
APR a,b,c | 1.37 | 0.60 | 1.97 | 0.66 | 1.98 | 0.93 | 1.98 | 0.67 |
Grade 4 | ||||||||
n | 33 (boys = 14) | 46 (boys = 19) | 34 (boys = 16) | 42 (boys = 21) | ||||
FMS (0–96) a,c,d,e | 57.67 | 6.16 | 72.89 | 5.70 | 58.94 | 5.15 | 67.10 | 3.99 |
PPC (6–24) a,b,c,e | 13.03 | 2.30 | 21.46 | 1.72 | 20.47 | 2.03 | 16.74 | 1.91 |
APR a,b,c | 1.60 | 0.82 | 2.26 | 0.76 | 2.12 | 0.83 | 2.19 | 0.77 |
Grade 5 | ||||||||
n | 21 (boys = 9) | 53 (boys = 24) | 40 (boys = 18) | 41 (boys = 19) | ||||
FMS (0–96) a,b,c,d,e | 55.33 | 5.54 | 74.32 | 5.15 | 61.03 | 4.16 | 69.39 | 4.18 |
PPC (6–24) a,b,e | 14.52 | 2.60 | 21.11 | 1.74 | 20.78 | 2.06 | 14.76 | 2.51 |
APR a,b | 1.32 | 0.57 | 2.22 | 0.75 | 2.19 | 0.79 | 1.85 | 0.87 |
Fundamental Motor Skills | Perceptions of Physical Competence | Active Physical Recreation | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | ||||||||||
Cluster | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p |
Grade 3 | |||||||||||||||
All | 67.33 | 10.79 | 62.09 | 7.17 | <0.001 | 19.33 | 3.77 | 17.26 | 4.35 | <0.001 | 1.81 | 0.68 | 1.89 | 0.69 | 0.348 |
Low–low | 59.07 | 7.24 | 56.44 | 4.46 | 0.219 | 14.13 | 2.62 | 11.69 | 2.24 | 0.001 | 1.21 | 0.55 | 1.51 | 0.62 | 0.235 |
High–high | 73.87 | 6.78 | 65.18 | 5.02 | <0.001 | 22.63 | 1.25 | 21.06 | 1.97 | 0.003 | 2.01 | 0.68 | 1.93 | 0.65 | 0.695 |
Low FMS–high PPC | 54.50 | 7.56 | 54.00 | 5.50 | 0.828 | 19.67 | 3.77 | 18.73 | 2.52 | 0.243 | 1.77 | 1.03 | 2.15 | 0.85 | 0.273 |
High FMS–low PPC | 73.62 | 6.70 | 67.33 | 4.49 | 0.003 | 17.38 | 1.61 | 14.48 | 2.60 | <0.001 | 2.07 | 0.78 | 1.92 | 0.60 | 0.531 |
Grade 4 | |||||||||||||||
All | 67.97 | 8.08 | 62.59 | 7.45 | <0.001 | 18.71 | 3.82 | 17.72 | 3.74 | 0.001 | 1.97 | 0.84 | 2.16 | 0.81 | 0.159 |
Low–low | 61.07 | 6.33 | 55.16 | 4.79 | <0.001 | 13.43 | 2.24 | 12.74 | 2.35 | 0.308 | 1.39 | 0.71 | 1.76 | 0.88 | 0.181 |
High–high | 77.00 | 4.58 | 70.00 | 4.54 | <0.001 | 22.16 | 1.43 | 20.96 | 1.77 | 0.039 | 2.03 | 0.77 | 2.42 | 0.73 | 0.101 |
Low FMS–high PPC | 61.37 | 5.12 | 56.78 | 4.22 | 0.003 | 21.25 | 1.92 | 19.78 | 1.93 | 0.027 | 2.28 | 0.92 | 1.99 | 0.75 | 0.292 |
High FMS–low PPC | 69.43 | 3.57 | 64.76 | 2.90 | 0.001 | 17.19 | 2.04 | 16.29 | 1.71 | 0.129 | 2.06 | 0.77 | 2.13 | 0.77 | 0.300 |
Grade 5 | |||||||||||||||
All | 69.51 | 8.25 | 64.95 | 7.89 | <0.001 | 19.07 | 3.67 | 17.94 | 3.79 | 0.004 | 1.88 | 0.74 | 2.09 | 0.88 | 0.155 |
Low–low | 58.44 | 4.00 | 53.00 | 5.94 | 0.004 | 14.89 | 2.57 | 14.25 | 2.70 | 0.494 | 1.25 | 0.56 | 1.38 | 0.60 | 0.690 |
High–high | 77.46 | 4.27 | 71.72 | 4.34 | <0.001 | 21.75 | 1.70 | 20.59 | 1.62 | 0.048 | 1.94 | 0.66 | 2.46 | 0.74 | 0.014 |
Low FMS–high PPC | 62.61 | 4.71 | 59.73 | 3.21 | 0.032 | 21.22 | 1.83 | 20.41 | 2.20 | 0.228 | 2.32 | 0.68 | 2.09 | 0.87 | 0.332 |
High FMS–low PPC | 71.26 | 3.66 | 67.77 | 3.99 | 0.009 | 15.63 | 2.52 | 14.00 | 2.29 | 0.015 | 1.68 | 0.73 | 2.00 | 0.97 | 0.174 |
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Field, S.C.; Foley, J.T.; Naylor, P.-J.; Temple, V.A. Perceptions Matter! Active Physical Recreation Participation of Children with High and Low Actual and Perceived Physical Competence. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091129
Field SC, Foley JT, Naylor P-J, Temple VA. Perceptions Matter! Active Physical Recreation Participation of Children with High and Low Actual and Perceived Physical Competence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(9):1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091129
Chicago/Turabian StyleField, Stephanie C., John T. Foley, Patti-Jean Naylor, and Viviene A. Temple. 2024. "Perceptions Matter! Active Physical Recreation Participation of Children with High and Low Actual and Perceived Physical Competence" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 9: 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091129