CO2 Breathing Prior to Simulated Diving Increases Decompression Sickness Risk in a Mouse Model: The Microbiota Trail Is Not Forgotten
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statements
2.2. Animal Batches
2.3. Evaluation of Superficial Temperature by Infrared Imaging
2.4. CO2 Exposition
2.5. Hyperbaric Exposure
2.6. Physical Examination
2.7. Anesthesia and Biopsy
2.8. Blood Biochemical Analysis
2.9. Stools Bacterial Content: 16s rDNA Extraction and Sequencing
2.10. Bioinformatic Processing
2.11. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Clinical Status of the Animals Following the Dive
3.2. General Description of the Data
3.2.1. Two-Way Analysis
Body Temperature
Plasma Analysis
3.2.2. Initial Fecal Content Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Effects of CO2 and Diving on Circulating Markers of Neuronal Stress
4.2. Effects of CO2 and Diving on Plasma Markers, Thermoregulation, and Vasomotion
4.3. Temperature
4.4. Impact of the Microbiota in the Stress Response
4.5. Context
4.6. Moderation, Study Limits
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Daubresse, L.; Portas, A.; Bertaud, A.; Marlinge, M.; Gaillard, S.; Risso, J.-J.; Ramdani, C.; Rostain, J.-C.; Adjiriou, N.; Desruelle, A.-V.; et al. CO2 Breathing Prior to Simulated Diving Increases Decompression Sickness Risk in a Mouse Model: The Microbiota Trail Is Not Forgotten. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21, 1141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091141
Daubresse L, Portas A, Bertaud A, Marlinge M, Gaillard S, Risso J-J, Ramdani C, Rostain J-C, Adjiriou N, Desruelle A-V, et al. CO2 Breathing Prior to Simulated Diving Increases Decompression Sickness Risk in a Mouse Model: The Microbiota Trail Is Not Forgotten. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2024; 21(9):1141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091141
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaubresse, Lucille, Aurélie Portas, Alexandrine Bertaud, Marion Marlinge, Sandrine Gaillard, Jean-Jacques Risso, Céline Ramdani, Jean-Claude Rostain, Nabil Adjiriou, Anne-Virginie Desruelle, and et al. 2024. "CO2 Breathing Prior to Simulated Diving Increases Decompression Sickness Risk in a Mouse Model: The Microbiota Trail Is Not Forgotten" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 9: 1141. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091141