Environmental Isocyanate-Induced Asthma: Morphologic and Pathogenetic Aspects of an Increasing Occupational Disease
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Isocyanate Occurrence
2. Clinical Manifestations after Exposure to Isocyanate
2.1. Morphologic Manifestations after Isocyanate Exposure of the Lung
3. Pathogenesis of Isocyanate Asthma
3.1. Influence of Genetic Factors in the Development of an Isocyanate Induced Asthma
4. Diagnosis of Occupational Isocyanate Induced Asthma
5. Future Prospects
- Conflict of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
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Diagnostic Approach | Result |
---|---|
Medical examination | |
Occupational anamnesis, exposure on the job | Clinical verification of the asthmatic disease Confirmation of isocyanate exposure: characterization of the chemical substances Specification of the grade of exposure |
Physiological tests: | |
Metacholine provocation test Spirometry PERFs (peak expiratory flow rate) | Confirmation of the diagnose “asthma” and documentation of the occupational causation |
SIC (specific inhalation challenge) | “Diagnostic reference standard”, characterization of the specific substance |
Immunological investigations | |
Isocyanate specific IgE | Strong indicator for isocyanate induced asthma, not very sensitive |
Isocyanate specific IgG | Conformation of exposure towards isocyanate |
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Fisseler-Eckhoff, A.; Bartsch, H.; Zinsky, R.; Schirren, J. Environmental Isocyanate-Induced Asthma: Morphologic and Pathogenetic Aspects of an Increasing Occupational Disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 3672-3687. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093672
Fisseler-Eckhoff A, Bartsch H, Zinsky R, Schirren J. Environmental Isocyanate-Induced Asthma: Morphologic and Pathogenetic Aspects of an Increasing Occupational Disease. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2011; 8(9):3672-3687. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093672
Chicago/Turabian StyleFisseler-Eckhoff, Annette, Holger Bartsch, Rica Zinsky, and Joachim Schirren. 2011. "Environmental Isocyanate-Induced Asthma: Morphologic and Pathogenetic Aspects of an Increasing Occupational Disease" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8, no. 9: 3672-3687. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph8093672