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Current Oncology
Volume 30
Issue 3
10.3390/curroncol30030236
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Review

Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?

by
Christos Tsalikidis
1,
Athanasia Mitsala
1,*,
Vasileios I. Mentonis
1,
Konstantinos Romanidis
1,
George Pappas-Gogos
1,
Alexandra K. Tsaroucha
2 and
Michail Pitiakoudis
1
1
Second Department of Surgery, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
2
Laboratory of Experimental Surgery & Surgical Research, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(3), 3111-3137; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30030236
Submission received: 7 February 2023 / Revised: 3 March 2023 / Accepted: 6 March 2023 / Published: 7 March 2023
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Abstract

Anastomotic leakage (AL) remains one of the most severe complications following colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. Indeed, leaks that may occur after any type of intestinal anastomosis are commonly associated with a higher reoperation rate and an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. At first, our review aims to identify specific preoperative, intraoperative and perioperative factors that eventually lead to the development of anastomotic dehiscence based on the current literature. We will also investigate the role of several biomarkers in predicting the presence of ALs following colorectal surgery. Despite significant improvements in perioperative care, advances in surgical techniques, and a high index of suspicion of this complication, the incidence of AL remained stable during the last decades. Thus, gaining a better knowledge of the risk factors that influence the AL rates may help identify high-risk surgical patients requiring more intensive perioperative surveillance. Furthermore, prompt diagnosis of this severe complication may help improve patient survival. To date, several studies have identified predictive biomarkers of ALs, which are most commonly associated with the inflammatory response to colorectal surgery. Interestingly, early diagnosis and evaluation of the severity of this complication may offer a significant opportunity to guide clinical judgement and decision-making.
Keywords: anastomotic leakage; colorectal cancer; colorectal surgery; risk factors; anastomotic leakage prediction anastomotic leakage; colorectal cancer; colorectal surgery; risk factors; anastomotic leakage prediction

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tsalikidis, C.; Mitsala, A.; Mentonis, V.I.; Romanidis, K.; Pappas-Gogos, G.; Tsaroucha, A.K.; Pitiakoudis, M. Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30, 3111-3137. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30030236

AMA Style

Tsalikidis C, Mitsala A, Mentonis VI, Romanidis K, Pappas-Gogos G, Tsaroucha AK, Pitiakoudis M. Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? Current Oncology. 2023; 30(3):3111-3137. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30030236

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsalikidis, Christos, Athanasia Mitsala, Vasileios I. Mentonis, Konstantinos Romanidis, George Pappas-Gogos, Alexandra K. Tsaroucha, and Michail Pitiakoudis. 2023. "Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?" Current Oncology 30, no. 3: 3111-3137. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30030236

APA Style

Tsalikidis, C., Mitsala, A., Mentonis, V. I., Romanidis, K., Pappas-Gogos, G., Tsaroucha, A. K., & Pitiakoudis, M. (2023). Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? Current Oncology, 30(3), 3111-3137. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30030236

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