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Current Oncology
Volume 31
Issue 4
10.3390/curroncol31040171
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Article

Impact of Pregnancy on Breast Cancer Features and Prognosis

by
Valentina E. Bounous
1,*,
Carola Minella
1,
Luca Fuso
1,
Silvia Actis
1,
Greta Petroni
1,
Luca G. Sgrò
1,
Martina Borghese
2,
Nicoletta Tomasi Cont
3,
Riccardo Ponzone
4 and
Annamaria Ferrero
1
1
Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Umberto I Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Turati 62, 10128 Turin, Italy
2
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, 12100 Cuneo, Italy
3
Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO3, 10093 Collegno, Italy
4
Gynaecological Department, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 2305-2315; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040171
Submission received: 18 March 2024 / Revised: 11 April 2024 / Accepted: 17 April 2024 / Published: 19 April 2024
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Abstract

Background: pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) affects one in 3000 pregnancies, often presenting with aggressive features. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 282 young BC patients (≤45 years old) treated between 1995 and 2019, dividing them into three groups: nulliparous women, women with PABC (diagnosed within 2 years since last pregnancy) and women with BC diagnosed > 2 years since last pregnancy. This last group was further stratified according to the time between pregnancy and BC. The analysis encompassed histological factors (tumor size, histotype, grading, nodal involvement, multifocality, lympho-vascular invasion, hormone receptor expression, Ki-67 index, and HER2 expression), type of surgery and recurrence. Results: Age at diagnosis was younger in nulliparous than in parous women (p < 0.001). No significant differences were noticed regarding histological characteristics and recurrences. At univariate analysis, nodal involvement (OR = 2.4; p < 0.0001), high tumor grade (OR = 2.6; p = 0.01), and lympho-vascular invasion (OR = 2.3; p < 0.05), but not pregnancy (OR = 0.8; p = 0.30), influenced DFS negatively. Multivariate analysis confirmed nodal involvement as the only negative independent prognostic factor for a worse DFS (OR = 2.4; p = 0.0001). Conclusions: in our experience, pregnancy is not an independent adverse prognostic factor for BC DFS.
Keywords: breast cancer; pregnancy; pregnancy associated breast cancer (PABC); prognosis breast cancer; pregnancy; pregnancy associated breast cancer (PABC); prognosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bounous, V.E.; Minella, C.; Fuso, L.; Actis, S.; Petroni, G.; Sgrò, L.G.; Borghese, M.; Tomasi Cont, N.; Ponzone, R.; Ferrero, A. Impact of Pregnancy on Breast Cancer Features and Prognosis. Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31, 2305-2315. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040171

AMA Style

Bounous VE, Minella C, Fuso L, Actis S, Petroni G, Sgrò LG, Borghese M, Tomasi Cont N, Ponzone R, Ferrero A. Impact of Pregnancy on Breast Cancer Features and Prognosis. Current Oncology. 2024; 31(4):2305-2315. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040171

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bounous, Valentina E., Carola Minella, Luca Fuso, Silvia Actis, Greta Petroni, Luca G. Sgrò, Martina Borghese, Nicoletta Tomasi Cont, Riccardo Ponzone, and Annamaria Ferrero. 2024. "Impact of Pregnancy on Breast Cancer Features and Prognosis" Current Oncology 31, no. 4: 2305-2315. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040171

APA Style

Bounous, V. E., Minella, C., Fuso, L., Actis, S., Petroni, G., Sgrò, L. G., Borghese, M., Tomasi Cont, N., Ponzone, R., & Ferrero, A. (2024). Impact of Pregnancy on Breast Cancer Features and Prognosis. Current Oncology, 31(4), 2305-2315. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040171

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