Analysis of White and Dark without Pressure in a Young Myopic Group Based on Ultra-Wide Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Assessment of Dark and White without Pressure
2.3. SS-OCTA Image Acquisition and Processing
2.4. SS-OCTA Image Quantification of DWOP Lesion Areas
2.5. Reproducibility of SS-OCTA Measurements
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Repeatability of Retinal and Choroidal Structural Measurement
3.2. The Incidence Rate of WWOP and DWOP
3.3. Risk Factors for WWOP and DWOP
3.4. OCTA Quantitative Change in DWOP Lesions
4. Discussion
4.1. Incidence Rate and Risk Factors of WWOP and DWOP
4.2. The Mechanisms of WWOP and DWOP
4.3. New Insights Brought by Ultra-Wide SS-OCTA
4.4. Limitations of the Current Study
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Overall | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SE ≥ −8, <−6 | SE ≥ −10, <−8 | SE < −10 | |||
No. of eyes | 227 | 130 | 62 | 35 | |
Age, years | 24.18 ± 13.55 | 24.62 ± 17.82 | 23.44 ± 2.43 | 23.89 ± 1.78 | 0.067 |
IOP, mmHg | 15.99 ± 2.41 | 15.94 ± 2.38 | 15.98 ± 2.18 | 16.18 ± 2.96 | 0.825 |
SE, D | −8.28 ± 2.21 | −6.93 ± 0.58 | −8.82 ± 0.50 | −12.29 ± 2.61 | <0.001 a |
Sphere, D | −7.65 ± 2.03 | −6.47 ± 0.69 | −8.10 ± 0.60 | −11.26 ± 2.40 | <0.001 a |
Cylindrical, D | −1.25 ± 0.97 | −0.94 ± 0.70 | −1.45 ± 0.97 | −2.06 ± 1.24 | <0.001 a |
AL, mm | 26.56 ± 1.10 | 26.12 ± 0.85 | 26.73 ± 0.66 | 27.93 ± 1.36 | <0.001 a |
Gender | 0.967 | ||||
Female | 162 (71.37%) | 92 (70.77%) | 45 (72.58%) | 25 (71.43%) | |
Male | 65 (28.63%) | 38 (29.23%) | 17 (27.42%) | 10 (28.57%) | |
Bilateral | 0.739 | ||||
OD | 116 (51.10%) | 65 (50.00%) | 31 (50.00%) | 20 (57.14%) | |
OS | 111 (48.90%) | 65 (50.00%) | 31 (50.00%) | 15 (42.86%) | |
WWOP | <0.001 a | ||||
No | 147 (64.76%) | 91 (70.00%) | 45 (72.58%) | 11 (31.43%) | |
Yes | 80 (35.24%) | 39 (30.00%) | 17 (27.42%) | 24 (68.57%) | |
DWOP | 0.121 | ||||
No | 159 (70.04%) | 97 (74.62%) | 42 (67.74%) | 20 (57.14%) | |
Yes | 68 (29.96%) | 33 (25.38%) | 20 (32.26%) | 15 (42.86%) |
Exposure | Non-Adjusted | Adjusted | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95%CI) | p Value | OR (95%CI) | p Value | |
WWOP | ||||
AL | 1.33 (1.03, 1.71) | 0.0263 a | 1.54 (1.17, 2.03) | 0.0020 a |
SE | 0.83 (0.73, 0.95) | 0.0075 a | 0.82 (0.72, 0.94) | 0.0046 a |
DWOP | ||||
AL | 2.03 (1.49, 2.76) | <0.0001 a | 2.09 (1.51, 2.91) | <0.0001 a |
SE | 0.84 (0.74, 0.96) | 0.0129 a | 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) | 0.0153 a |
Variables (Control-DWOP) | * Area | # Area | |||
Z Value | p Value | Z Value | p Value | ||
AL | −0.556 | 0.535 | −0.556 | 0.535 | |
VD | |||||
Inner retina | 5.873 | <0.001 a | 1.236 | 0.106 | |
SVC | −1.132 | 0.159 | −0.853 | 0.302 | |
DVC | 5.231 | <0.001 a | 1.568 | 0.091 | |
CVI | −0.463 | 0.628 | 0.168 | 0.970 | |
Thickness | |||||
All retina | 1.098 | 0.175 | −0.737 | 0.413 | |
Inner retina | −0.791 | 0.384 | −0.363 | 0.729 | |
Outer retina | 6.114 | <0.001 a | 1.676 | 0.086 | |
Choroid | −0.432 | 0.662 | −0.998 | 0.201 |
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Yu, H.; Luo, H.; Zhang, X.; Sun, J.; Zhong, Z.; Sun, X. Analysis of White and Dark without Pressure in a Young Myopic Group Based on Ultra-Wide Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 4830. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164830
Yu H, Luo H, Zhang X, Sun J, Zhong Z, Sun X. Analysis of White and Dark without Pressure in a Young Myopic Group Based on Ultra-Wide Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(16):4830. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164830
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Huimin, Huan Luo, Xian Zhang, Jinfu Sun, Zheng Zhong, and Xufang Sun. 2022. "Analysis of White and Dark without Pressure in a Young Myopic Group Based on Ultra-Wide Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 16: 4830. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164830
APA StyleYu, H., Luo, H., Zhang, X., Sun, J., Zhong, Z., & Sun, X. (2022). Analysis of White and Dark without Pressure in a Young Myopic Group Based on Ultra-Wide Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(16), 4830. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164830