Chlorogenic Acid Relieves the Lupus Erythematosus-like Skin Lesions and Arthritis in MRL/lpr Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. CGA Relieves Incidence of Skin Damage in MRL/lpr Mice
2.2. CGA Ameliorates Epidermal Layer Damage and Dermal Mast Cells in MRL/lpr Mice
2.3. CGA Treatment Alleviates Lupus-like Arthritis in MRL/lpr Mice
2.4. CGA Decreased Serum Anti-dsDNA Antibody Concentration
2.5. CGA Rebalances Serum Inflammatory Cytokines
2.6. Effect of CGA on Human Primary Cell
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Mice and Treatment
4.2. Chemicals
4.3. Pathology of Skin and Joint Tissues
4.4. Measurement of Serum Antibodies
4.5. Serum ELISA for Inflammatory Cytokines
4.6. BioMAP Profiling Analysis
4.7. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Acanthosis | Hyperkeratosis | Skin Mast Cells | Mast Cell Reduction Rate (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Incidence * | Chi-Squared Statistic | Incidence # | Chi-Squared Statistic | |||
model | 100% (0/8) | 63% (5/8) | 96.375 | |||
CTX | 29% (2/7) | p = 0.007 | 29% (2/7) | p = 0.315 | 24.4286 | 75% |
CGA | 29% (2/7) | p = 0.007 | 0 (0/3) | p = 0.026 | 47.8571 | 50% |
System | Cell Type | Environment | Readouts |
---|---|---|---|
LPS | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells + Venular endothelial cells | TLR4 | MCP-1, VCAM-1, TM, TF, CD40, E-selectin, CD69, IL-8, IL-1α, M-CSF, sPGE2, SRB, sTNFα |
SAg | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells + Venular endothelial cells | Superantigens (TCR) | MCP-1, CD38, CD40, E-selectin, CD69, IL-8, MIG, PBMC Cytotoxicity, Proliferation, SRB |
BT | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells + B cells | Anti-IgM, TCR | B cell Proliferation, PBMC Cytotoxicity, Secreted IgG, sIL-17A, sIL-17F, sIL-2, sIL-6, sTNFα |
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Wang, R.; Yang, X.; You, S.; Hao, M.; Li, J.; Chen, X.; Jin, J. Chlorogenic Acid Relieves the Lupus Erythematosus-like Skin Lesions and Arthritis in MRL/lpr Mice. Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15, 1327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15111327
Wang R, Yang X, You S, Hao M, Li J, Chen X, Jin J. Chlorogenic Acid Relieves the Lupus Erythematosus-like Skin Lesions and Arthritis in MRL/lpr Mice. Pharmaceuticals. 2022; 15(11):1327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15111327
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Ruxuan, Xiaoyi Yang, Shen You, Mengyao Hao, Jianguang Li, Xiaoguang Chen, and Jing Jin. 2022. "Chlorogenic Acid Relieves the Lupus Erythematosus-like Skin Lesions and Arthritis in MRL/lpr Mice" Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 11: 1327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15111327