Optimal Operation of Microgrids Considering Auto-Configuration Function Using Multiagent System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. System Model
2.1. Microgrid System Configuration
2.2. State Diagram for Microgrid Operation Modes
3. Auto-Configuration Function
3.1. Definition of Auto-Configuration Function
- Plug and play of smart appliances in smart house/building
- Registration/deregistration of devices owned by the MG operator
- Registration/deregistration of a home/building energy management system
3.2. Sniffer Diagram for Adding/Removing devices
3.3. Operation Algorithm for EMS
4. Mathematical Models
5. Simulation Results
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Index of time, running from 1 to | |
T | Set of time intervals |
i | Index of generator, running from 1 to |
I | Set of generators |
l | Index of load, running from 1 to |
L | Set of loads |
m | Index of bus, running from 1 to |
M | Set of buses |
Production cost of unit i | |
Min/max production limits of unit i | |
Start-up cost of unit i | |
Shut-down cost of unit i | |
Buying price at t | |
Selling price at t | |
, | Forecasted output of PV cell & wind turbine |
, | Losses for charging/discharging of BESS |
Capacity of BESS | |
Total amount of load l at t | |
Minimum value of state of charge of BESS | |
Maximum value of state of charge of BESS | |
Initial value of state of charge of BESS | |
On or off mode of unit i at t | |
Operation mode at t | |
Start-up status of unit i at t | |
Shut-down status of unit i at t | |
Generation amount of unit i at t | |
Charging/discharging power of BESS at t | |
, | Buying/selling power of MG at t |
State of charge of BESS at t | |
Penalty for load shedding at t | |
Total load shedding amount at t | |
Total active power line loss at t | |
The resistance of the cable between buses m and n | |
The magnitude of the current flows through the line between buses m and n |
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Parameters | DG1 | DG2 | Parameters | BESS |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cost/kWh | 140 | 145 | Capacity | 50 |
Start-up cost | 200 | 200 | Min | 0 |
Shut-down cost | 100 | 100 | Initial | 10 |
Min | 0 | 0 | Char. Loss (%) | 5 |
Max | 60 | 50 | Dis. Loss (%) | 5 |
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Bui, V.-H.; Hussain, A.; Kim, H.-M. Optimal Operation of Microgrids Considering Auto-Configuration Function Using Multiagent System. Energies 2017, 10, 1484. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101484
Bui V-H, Hussain A, Kim H-M. Optimal Operation of Microgrids Considering Auto-Configuration Function Using Multiagent System. Energies. 2017; 10(10):1484. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101484
Chicago/Turabian StyleBui, Van-Hai, Akhtar Hussain, and Hak-Man Kim. 2017. "Optimal Operation of Microgrids Considering Auto-Configuration Function Using Multiagent System" Energies 10, no. 10: 1484. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101484