A Current Frequency Component-Based Fault-Location Method for Voltage-Source Converter-Based High-Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) Cables Using the S Transform
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Fault-Location Principle
2.1. Brief Introduction of the S Transform
2.2. Estimation of the Fault Distance
3. Analysis of the Current Frequency Components
3.1. Phase-Mode Transform Method for Bipolar Cables
3.2. Propagation Characteristics of the Current Frequency Components
4. Fault-Location Method
4.1. Extraction and Processing of Frequency Components
4.2. Determination of the Arrival Time
4.3. Flow Chart of the Fault-Location Method
5. Test System and Simulation Results
5.1. Test System
5.2. Testof the Determination Method of theArrival Time
5.3. Fault-Location Results
5.4. Influence of the Fault Resistance
5.5. Influence of Noise
5.6. Effect of Sampling Rate
5.7. Comparison to the Conventional Method
5.8. Comparison of Simulation Results to the Other Mode Currents
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fault Distance (km) | Fault Resistance (Ω) | t1 (ms) | t2 (ms) | Estimated Distance (km) | Fault-Location Error (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0 | 0.01 | 1.03 | 1.7897 | 0.8948 |
100 | 0.01 | 1.04 | 0.8268 | 0.4134 | |
500 | 0.01 | 1.04 | 0.8268 | 0.4134 | |
50 | 0 | 0.26 | 0.78 | 49.932 | 0.3402 |
100 | 0.26 | 0.78 | 49.932 | 0.3402 | |
500 | 0.26 | 0.78 | 49.932 | 0.3402 | |
110 | 0 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 109.63 | 0.1857 |
100 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 109.63 | 0.1857 | |
500 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 109.63 | 0.1857 | |
180 | 0 | 0.93 | 0.11 | 178.95 | 0.5233 |
100 | 0.93 | 0.11 | 178.95 | 0.5233 | |
500 | 0.93 | 0.11 | 178.95 | 0.5233 |
Fault Distance (km) | t1 (ms) | t2 (ms) | Estimated Distance (km) | Fault-Location Error (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.01 | 1.04 | 0.8268 | 0.4134 |
50 | 0.26 | 0.78 | 49.932 | 0.3402 |
110 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 109.63 | 0.1857 |
180 | 0.93 | 0.11 | 178.95 | 0.5233 |
Fault Distance (km) | 0 | 50 | 110 | 180 |
Fault-Location Error (%) | 0.5494 | 0.3402 | 0.2957 | 1.004 |
Sampling Rate (kHz) | Fault Distance (km) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 50 | 110 | 180 | |
Maximum Fault-Location Error (%) | ||||
100 | 0.4134 | 0.3402 | 0.1857 | 0.5233 |
200 | 0.2474 | 0. 4154 | 0.0549 | 0.2826 |
500 | 0.0991 | 0.3511 | 0.0005 | 0.0716 |
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Zhao, P.; Chen, Q.; Sun, K.; Xi, C. A Current Frequency Component-Based Fault-Location Method for Voltage-Source Converter-Based High-Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) Cables Using the S Transform. Energies 2017, 10, 1115. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10081115
Zhao P, Chen Q, Sun K, Xi C. A Current Frequency Component-Based Fault-Location Method for Voltage-Source Converter-Based High-Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) Cables Using the S Transform. Energies. 2017; 10(8):1115. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10081115
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Pu, Qing Chen, Kongming Sun, and Chuanxin Xi. 2017. "A Current Frequency Component-Based Fault-Location Method for Voltage-Source Converter-Based High-Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) Cables Using the S Transform" Energies 10, no. 8: 1115. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10081115