Optimization of Pre-Treatment Process Parameters to Generate Biodiesel from Microalga
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Recovered Lipids
- P is the pressure
- N is the number of passes
- R is the reaction time
2.2. Response Surface Model (RSM)
2.3. Optimization of Lipid Recovered
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Medium and Culture Conditions
3.2. Determination of Specific Growth Rate of the Microalga and Cell Concentration
- Nt is the number of cell at the end of log phase
- No is the number of cells at the start of log phase
- Tt is the final day of log phase
- To is the initial day of log phase
3.3. Microalga Cell Pre-Treatment
3.4. Extraction Procedure
3.5. Gas Chromatography
3.6. Experimental Design
3.7. Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
3.8. Box-Behnken Designs (BBD)
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Units | Levels | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
−1 | 0 | 1 | ||
Pressure | Psi | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 |
Number of Passes | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
Extraction Time | h | 3 | 3.5 | 4 |
Input Factors | Response | ||
---|---|---|---|
Pressure (psi) | Number of Passes | Reaction Time (h) | Recovered Lipids (%) |
3000 | 2 | 3 | 17.693 |
2000 | 2 | 3.5 | 7.595 |
2000 | 2 | 3.5 | 7.038 |
1000 | 2 | 3 | 3.45 |
2000 | 2 | 3.5 | 7.526 |
2000 | 2 | 3.5 | 13.937 |
2000 | 1 | 3 | 5.606 |
2000 | 2 | 3.5 | 7.202 |
1000 | 2 | 4 | 3.65 |
1000 | 1 | 3.5 | 2.744 |
2000 | 1 | 4 | 8.359 |
2000 | 3 | 4 | 6.351 |
3000 | 3 | 3.5 | 10.207 |
3000 | 2 | 4 | 8.166 |
2000 | 3 | 3 | 4.496 |
1000 | 3 | 3.5 | 4.15 |
3000 | 1 | 3.5 | 16.332 |
Source | Sum of Squares | df | Mean Square | F Value | p-Value prob > F |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | 211.26 | 5 | 42.25 | 4.79 | 0.0143 |
A-Pressure | 184.36 | 1 | 184.36 | 20.90 | 0.0008 |
B-Number of passes | 7.68 | 1 | 7.68 | 0.87 | 0.3708 |
C-Reaction time | 2.78 | 1 | 2.78 | 0.32 | 0.5855 |
AB | 14.18 | 1 | 14.18 | 1.61 | 0.2310 |
A2 | 2.26 | 1 | 2.26 | 0.26 | 0.6223 |
Residual | 97.01 | 11 | 8.82 | ||
Lack of Fit | 61.99 | 7 | 8.86 | 1.01 | 0.5280 |
Pure Error | 35.02 | 4 | 8.76 | ||
Cor Total | 308.27 | 16 |
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Onumaegbu, C.; Alaswad, A.; Rodriguez, C.; Olabi, A.G. Optimization of Pre-Treatment Process Parameters to Generate Biodiesel from Microalga. Energies 2018, 11, 806. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11040806
Onumaegbu C, Alaswad A, Rodriguez C, Olabi AG. Optimization of Pre-Treatment Process Parameters to Generate Biodiesel from Microalga. Energies. 2018; 11(4):806. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11040806
Chicago/Turabian StyleOnumaegbu, Chukwuma, Abed Alaswad, Cristina Rodriguez, and Abdul G. Olabi. 2018. "Optimization of Pre-Treatment Process Parameters to Generate Biodiesel from Microalga" Energies 11, no. 4: 806. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11040806