Planning of the Multi-Energy Circular System Coupled with Waste Processing Base: A Case from China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Design of Multi-Energy Planning
2.1. Physical Planning Architecture
2.2. Models of Equipment in MES
2.2.1. Typical Energy Equipment
2.2.2. Unique Energy Equipment
3. Optimization Model of MECS Coupled with WPB
3.1. Bi-Level Planning Optimization Model
3.1.1. The Upper Model
3.1.2. The Lower Model
3.2. Solution Algorithm
4. Case Analysis
4.1. Analysis of the Original WPB
4.1.1. Energy Factor Analysis
4.1.2. Environment Factor Analysis
4.1.3. Load Factor Analysis
4.2. MECS Coupled with WPB
4.3. Basic Data
4.4. Results
4.4.1. Improvement of Energy Efficiency
4.4.2. Growth of Economic Benefits
4.4.3. Promotion of Environmental Benefits
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- MECS is analyzed from three aspects: Energy, environment, and load. According to the results, the MECS is divided into supply, conversion, transmission, storage, and other blocks. According to the division of typical energy components and park-specific energy components, the physical planning architecture of MECS is built;
- (2)
- Based on the conventional location selection and capacity decision method of energy devices and the bi-level optimization model, the optimal scheduling of energy devices in MECS is transformed into the planning model;
- (3)
- The energy efficiency of biogas and heat is improved by constructing the BP and P2G. After planning, biogas and CH4 are recycled throughout the WPB, which is significant for the MECS. In addition, the original wasted heat energy in the WPB has also been fully utilized. Energy benefits for sale increases the total economic benefits, which is achieved by the supplement of power/heat/gas storage equipment. Energy storage devices make the way of energy supply and utilization in the WPB more flexible. The fuel of vehicles replaced by biogas helps enhance the carbon emission reduction.
- (1)
- Uncertainty factors in MECS, such as renewable energy and energy demand, are to be considered in the planning model in future research;
- (2)
- The energy collaborative optimization between multiple regions will be discussed in future research.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Equipment | Investment ($) | Original Capacity | Operation and Maintenance Cost ($) | Efficiency |
---|---|---|---|---|
WL | 6.1429/t | Nearly full | 0.84/t | Biogas (80%) Leachate (0.8 m3/t) |
WI | 3557.1/t | 30 MW | 13.5/t | Power (495.3 kWh/t) Leachate (21.95%) |
LT | 18,386/m3 | 3200 m3 | 5.93/m3 | Power (32.71 kWh/t) Leachate (20.5 m3/m3) |
BP | 1700/kW | 15 MW | 0.0074/kWh | Power (40%) |
WT | / | 4 MW | / | / |
Equipment | Investment ($) | Operation and Maintenance Cost ($) | Efficiency |
---|---|---|---|
BCP | 65/m3 | 0.0525/m3 | 50% |
P2G | 800/kW | 0.042/kWh | 45% |
PS | 142.86/kWh | 0.00027/kWh | Charge (90%) Discharge (90%) |
GS | 6428.6/m3 | 0.315/m3 | Charge (58.4%) Discharge (75%) |
HS | 5/kWh | 0.00024/kWh | Charge (90%) Discharge (90%) |
Equipment | Capacity (Unit) | |
---|---|---|
Intrinsic Equipment (Extension) | WL | 4896 t/day |
WI | 1064.52 t/day | |
LT | 1628.71 m3/day | |
BP | 4.16k W/day | |
Muti-Energy Complementary Equipment (Construction) | BCP | 146,610.48 m3/day |
P2G | 723 kw/day | |
PS | 483.87 kWh/day | |
HS | 87.10 kWh/day | |
GS | 193.55 m3/day |
Energy (Utilization Ratio) | Economy ($) (* 104) | Environment (t/day) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Items | Biogas/Natural Gas | Heat | Expenditure | Income | Intrinsic | New | ||||||||||
a1 | a2 | a3 | sale | GS | b1 | HS | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | d1 | d2 | WI | BP | a3 | |
Original | 0.5 | 0.5 | / | / | / | 0 | / | 2.6 | 6.5 | 14.7 | 0.06 | 5.5 | 64.3 | 1135.9 | 88.9 | / |
Current | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ~0.8 | ~0 | 0.9 | ~0 | 15.4 | 15.0 | 20.5 | 0.1 | 14.9 | 142.3 | 2717.7 | ~88.9 | 2515.8 |
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Zhang, L.; Chen, A.; Gu, H.; Wang, X.; Xie, D.; Gu, C. Planning of the Multi-Energy Circular System Coupled with Waste Processing Base: A Case from China. Energies 2019, 12, 3910. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12203910
Zhang L, Chen A, Gu H, Wang X, Xie D, Gu C. Planning of the Multi-Energy Circular System Coupled with Waste Processing Base: A Case from China. Energies. 2019; 12(20):3910. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12203910
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Luqing, Aikang Chen, Han Gu, Xitian Wang, Da Xie, and Chenghong Gu. 2019. "Planning of the Multi-Energy Circular System Coupled with Waste Processing Base: A Case from China" Energies 12, no. 20: 3910. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12203910