Designing Policies and Programmes for Improved Energy Efficiency in Industrial SMEs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method and Delimitations
3. Results
3.1. Barriers and Drivers
3.2. Energy Programme
3.3. General Category
4. Analysis
5. Concluding Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Geographical Focus | Industrial Sector | Study Method | Study Focus | Ref. | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | Single Sector | Multiple Sectors | Literature Review | Conceptual | Quantitative | Qualitative | Barriers | Drivers | Energy Program | Other | |
Italy | x | x | x | [6] | |||||||
Italy | x | x | x | x | x | [7] | |||||
Italy | x | x | x | x | x | [8] | |||||
Germany | x | x | x | x | [25] | ||||||
Sweden | x | x | x | x | x | [27] | |||||
Europe | x | x | x | [36] | |||||||
United Kingdom | x | x | x | x | x | [37] | |||||
The Netherlands | x | x | x | x | [38] | ||||||
Italy | x | x | x | [39] | |||||||
Italy | x | x | x | x | [40] | ||||||
China | x | x | x | x | [41] | ||||||
Italy | x | x | x | [42] | |||||||
Sweden | x | x | x | x | [43] | ||||||
Portugal | x | x | x | x | [44] | ||||||
Slovenia | x | x | x | x | [45] | ||||||
Zimbabwe | x | x | x | [46] | |||||||
China | x | x | x | [47] | |||||||
Ireland | x | x | x | x | x | [48] | |||||
China | x | x | x | x | [51] | ||||||
Republic of Korea | x | x | x | x | [52] | ||||||
Italy | x | x | x | x | [54] | ||||||
Sweden | x | x | x | x | [55] | ||||||
Australia, Germany, Sweden, USA | x | x | x | x | [56] | ||||||
China | x | x | x | [58] | |||||||
China | x | x | x | x | x | [59] | |||||
Sweden | x | x | x | x | x | x | [60] | ||||
Turkey | x | x | x | x | [61] | ||||||
Sweden | x | x | x | x | [57] | ||||||
China | x | x | x | x | x | [49] | |||||
Belgium, Japan, Italy, Sweden | x | x | x | [62] | |||||||
Sri Lanka | x | x | x | x | x | [63] | |||||
Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia | x | x | x | x | [50] | ||||||
Sweden | x | x | x | x | [64] |
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Design Step | Comment |
---|---|
Decide primary target sector group | Primary target sector group should be set and, preferably, should be as homogenous as possible, both in terms of sector(s) and company size. |
Map the annual energy | The annual energy demand and end-use is important and mapping the energy use and major technologies and processes are key steps. The share of energy use in support and production processes varies between sectors. |
Review the current energy policies | For the major energy end-using technologies and processes in the former step, it is important to assess which existing public policy programs are in place and thus already provide support for deployment. |
Make an energy efficiency potential estimation | Using available policy documents and scientific papers, an estimation should be made of the energy efficiency potential for the policy program. If no documents and studies are available, one can undertake a pilot ex-ante study where companies are asked about this. |
Review the barriers and drivers for energy efficiency | Review the scientific publications regarding barriers and drivers for the specific sector group targeted. If the information regarding barriers and/or drivers for the targeted sector group is scarce, this could be supplemented with interviews or questionnaires in a pre-phase study. |
Suggest appropriate policy | Consider the most appropriate policy or policy mix in relation to the findings in the previous steps. |
Evaluate the impact of the policy programme | Make an evaluation of the policy programme to evaluate the achieved energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the programme. Include the expected implementation rate in the potential estimation. Anderson and Newell [26] found that approximately half of the energy efficiency measures in the American IAC were implemented and evaluation of the Swedish Project Highland showed an implementation rate of above 40% [27]. A common estimation of the implementation rate can be 50%. Further, aim to include quantified non-energy-benefits (NEBs) in the assessment of energy efficiency measures which could cut the payback time of measures [66]. |
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Share and Cite
Johansson, I.; Mardan, N.; Cornelis, E.; Kimura, O.; Thollander, P. Designing Policies and Programmes for Improved Energy Efficiency in Industrial SMEs. Energies 2019, 12, 1338. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071338
Johansson I, Mardan N, Cornelis E, Kimura O, Thollander P. Designing Policies and Programmes for Improved Energy Efficiency in Industrial SMEs. Energies. 2019; 12(7):1338. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071338
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohansson, Ida, Nawzad Mardan, Erwin Cornelis, Osamu Kimura, and Patrik Thollander. 2019. "Designing Policies and Programmes for Improved Energy Efficiency in Industrial SMEs" Energies 12, no. 7: 1338. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071338