Study on the Effect of Helium on the Dielectric Strength of Medium-Voltage Vacuum Interrupters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Background and Motivation
1.2. Electronegative Gases as an Insulating Medium
- -
- capture in two-body processes (resonant and dissociative),
- -
- capture in three-body processes.
2. Research Stands, Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Results of Scaling the Pressure Measurement System
3.2. Dielectric Strength Test Results
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Substance | GWP100 |
---|---|
Carbon dioxide CO2 | 1 |
Methane CH4 | 23 |
Nitrous oxide N2O | 296 |
Carbon tetrafluoride CF4 | 5700 |
Freon R-12 (CFC-12) | 10,600 |
Sulfur hexafluoride SF6 | 22,200 |
Specification | Application in Insulation | Application for Electric Arc Extinguishing |
---|---|---|
Gases used today and mixtures thereof | 40% SF6 + 60% N2 50% SF6 + 50% N2 | 40% SF6 + 60% N2 50% SF6 + 50% N2 |
Directions for current ongoing research | pure nitrogen (N2) under high pressure, low concentration of SF6 and pure nitrogen | SF6 + He |
Forecasted research directions | CO2 SO2 N2O N2+SO2 N2+c-C4F8 SO2+SF6 SO2+c- C4F8SF6+CO2 | SF6+Ar SF6+CF4 SF6+C2F6 SF6+N2+He SF6+N2+ArHe+electronegative gases |
Type of Parameter | Parameter Value |
---|---|
Rated frequency | 50 Hz |
Rated voltage | 24 kV |
Rated impulse withstand voltage | 125 kV |
Rated continuous current | 400 A |
Rated 1s withstand current | 16 kA |
Rated peak withstand current | 40 kA |
Rated short-circuit making current | 16 kA |
Breaking current in circuit with low inductance | 400 A |
Mechanical durability | 2000 cycles |
Electrode Spacing | Breakdown Voltage | Pressure Range |
---|---|---|
d, mm | Ud, kV | p, Pa |
1.0 | 7.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–7.70 × 100 |
2.0 | 17.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–5.50 × 100 |
3.0 | 31.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–4.20 × 100 |
4.0 | 40.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–4.00 × 100 |
5.0 | 47.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–3.00 × 100 |
Electrode Spacing | Breakdown Voltage | Pressure Range |
---|---|---|
d, mm | Ud, kV | p, Pa |
1.0 | 5.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–5.33 × 101 |
2.0 | 13.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–2.67 × 101 |
3.0 | 29.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–2.67 × 101 |
4.0 | 36.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–2.67 × 101 |
5.0 | 46.00 | 8.00 × 10−4–1.37 × 101 |
Electrode Spacing d, mm | Breakdown Voltage Ud, kV | |
---|---|---|
Residual Gas Type | ||
Air | Helium | |
pref = 2.0 × 101 Pa | ||
1.0 | Ud(Air) = 1.20 | Ud(He) = 3.50 |
2.0 | Ud(Air) = 0.90 | Ud(He) = 8.00 |
3.0 | Ud(Air) = 1.10 | Ud(He) = 27.00 |
4.0 | Ud(Air) = 1.00 | Ud(He) = 31.00 |
5.0 | Ud(Air) = 1.00 | Ud(He) = 40.00 |
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Węgierek, P.; Lech, M.; Kostyła, D.; Kozak, C. Study on the Effect of Helium on the Dielectric Strength of Medium-Voltage Vacuum Interrupters. Energies 2021, 14, 3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133742
Węgierek P, Lech M, Kostyła D, Kozak C. Study on the Effect of Helium on the Dielectric Strength of Medium-Voltage Vacuum Interrupters. Energies. 2021; 14(13):3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133742
Chicago/Turabian StyleWęgierek, Paweł, Michał Lech, Damian Kostyła, and Czesław Kozak. 2021. "Study on the Effect of Helium on the Dielectric Strength of Medium-Voltage Vacuum Interrupters" Energies 14, no. 13: 3742. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133742