A Novel Algorithm for Fast DC Electric Arc Detection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Arc Detection Algorithms and Measurement Setup
2.1. Spectrum Analysis in Electric Arc Detection
2.2. Proposed Algorithm of Incremental Decomposition of the Signal over Time
2.3. Computational Complexity of FFT and Incremental Decomposition
2.4. Test Bench Used to Measure Electric Arcs at Given Parameters
- Ten control measurements without an arc (conditions: shorted spark gap and current of 500 mA DC at each measurement);
- Ten measurements at different voltages regulated in steps from 160 V to 1.6 kV DC (conditions: 1 mm gap between electrodes and current of 900 mA DC at each measurement);
- Ten measurements at different loads regulated in steps from 700 Ω to 1.6 kΩ (conditions: 1 mm gap between electrodes and voltage of 800 V DC at each measurement);
- Ten measurements at different gaps between electrodes regulated in steps from 1 mm to 1 cm (conditions: voltage of 1.6 kV DC and current of 1 A DC at each measurement).
3. Results
3.1. Analyses of Measurements Using FFT
3.1.1. Analysis of Measurements at the Window Width of 100 kpts
3.1.2. Analysis of Measurements at the Window Width of 1 kpts
3.2. Analyses of Measurements Using Incremental Decomposition
3.2.1. Analysis of Measurements at the Window Width of 100 kpts
3.2.2. Analysis of Measurements at the Window Width of 10 kpts
3.2.3. Analysis of Measurements at the Window Width of 1 kpts
4. Discussion
4.1. Analyses of Measurements Using FFT
4.2. Analyses of Measurements Using Incremental Decomposition
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Operation | DFT | FFT (Radix-2) | Incremental Decomposition |
---|---|---|---|
Complex multiplication | N2 | (N/2)log2N | |
Complex addition | N(N − 1) | Nlog2N | |
Real subtraction | N − 1 | ||
Real addition | N − 1 | ||
Total | 2N2 − N | (3/2N)log2N | 2N − 2 |
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Dołęgowski, M.; Szmajda, M. A Novel Algorithm for Fast DC Electric Arc Detection. Energies 2021, 14, 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14020288
Dołęgowski M, Szmajda M. A Novel Algorithm for Fast DC Electric Arc Detection. Energies. 2021; 14(2):288. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14020288
Chicago/Turabian StyleDołęgowski, Michał, and Mirosław Szmajda. 2021. "A Novel Algorithm for Fast DC Electric Arc Detection" Energies 14, no. 2: 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14020288