Penalty Electricity Price-Based Optimal Control for Distribution Networks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- We proposed a penalty electricity price mechanism calculated on the basis of the deviation between the actual net power consumption of each user and its optimal dispatching order. The purpose of the penalty electricity price is to guide each user to control its power consumption and generation behaviors in accordance with the optimal dispatching order.
- We developed an optimal control strategy of distribution networks based on the penalty electricity price according to the optimal object, and the implementation process of the control strategy was designed.
- We verified the proposed optimal control based on the penalty electricity price for distribution networks by taking the IEEE-33 node system as an example. The simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed penalty electricity price.
- We compared the proposed penalty electricity price mechanism with a credit electricity price by simulating in the IEEE33 node system to prove the advantages of the proposed penalty electricity price.
2. Problem of Traditional Real-Time Pricing
3. Energy Optimal Control System
4. Penalty Electricity Price-Based Optimal Control
4.1. Penalty Electricity Price Mechanism
4.2. Optimal Control for Control Center
4.3. Optimal Control for Power User
4.4. Optimal Control Algorithm Based on Penalty Electricity Price
- Step 1: Power users made their day-ahead net power load forecast and reported them to the control center.
- Step 2: The control center formulated the day-ahead real-time pricing based on the net power load forecasts of all power users and communicated it to power users in the distribution network.
- Step 3: Power users developed their net power consumption plans over a day and reported them to the control center.
- Step 4: The control center formulated the optimal dispatching order for each power user according to user’s net power consumption plans and provided it to each power user.
- Step 5: The power user controlled its actual power consumption to meet its optimal dispatching order by changing its power consumption patterns and reported its actual power consumption to the control center.
- Step 6: The control center formulated penalty electricity price for each user according to the actual power consumption deviations and transmitted the bills to users.
5. Simulation and Discussion
5.1. Simulation Model of Distribution Networks
5.2. Simulation of Penalty Electricity Price
5.3. Simulation of Optimal Control
5.4. Comparison Between Penalty Electricity Price and Credit Electricity Price
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Pang, Q.; Ye, L.; Gao, H.; Li, X.; Zheng, Y.; He, C. Penalty Electricity Price-Based Optimal Control for Distribution Networks. Energies 2021, 14, 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071806
Pang Q, Ye L, Gao H, Li X, Zheng Y, He C. Penalty Electricity Price-Based Optimal Control for Distribution Networks. Energies. 2021; 14(7):1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071806
Chicago/Turabian StylePang, Qingle, Lin Ye, Houlei Gao, Xinian Li, Yang Zheng, and Chenbin He. 2021. "Penalty Electricity Price-Based Optimal Control for Distribution Networks" Energies 14, no. 7: 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14071806