Film Boiling Conjugate Heat Transfer during Immersion Quenching
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Governing Equations
2.1.1. Fluid Region
2.1.2. Solid Region
2.2. Interfacial Terms
2.2.1. Momentum
2.2.2. Heat Transfer
2.2.3. Interfacial Phase Change
2.3. Numerical Solvers and Schemes
3. Solid–Fluid Interface
3.1. Wall Boiling
3.2. Solid–Fluid Interface Temperature
4. Application, Validation and Numerical Stability
4.1. Geometry, Initial and Boundary Conditions
4.2. Mesh Definition
4.3. Results
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dispersed Vapour | Continuous Vapour | |
---|---|---|
Drag | Ishii & Zuber [36] | Ishii & Zuber [36] |
Lift | Tomiyama [37] | - |
Wall Lubrication | Antal [38] | - |
Virtual Mass | Constant | Constant |
Turbulent Disp. | Burns [39], Otromke [40] | - |
Nu (vapour side) | Spherical | Ranz & Marshall [41] |
Nu (liquid side) | Ranz & Marshall [41] | Spherical |
Variable | Numerical Solver | |
---|---|---|
Solid | h | PCG, DIC |
Fluid | , k, | PBiCGStab, DILU GAMG, GaussSiedel MULES |
Term | Numerical Schemes | |
---|---|---|
Solid | ddt grad div laplacian | Euler linear linear corrected |
Fluid | ddt grad div div , h, k, , K laplacian | Euler linear vanLeer upwind linear corrected |
Vapour | Convective h. t. | Convective h. t. | Convective h. t. | Film b. |
Liquid | Convective h. t. | Nucleate b. | Transition b. | Film b. |
[W/(mK)] | [J/(kgK)] | [kg/m] | [Pa s] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
solid | 11.4 | 435 | 8000 | - |
liquid | 0.6 | 4185 | 1000 | 0.001 |
vapour | 0.025 | 2010 | 0.000012 |
[C] | [C] | [C] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
wall | noSlip | 25 | 25 | - |
outlet | - | |||
outlet | 25 | 25 | - | |
fluid_to_solid | noSlip | Section 3.2 | - | |
solid_to_fluid | - | - | - | Section 3.2 |
No el. | No el. x-y-z | [mm] | |
---|---|---|---|
Fluid | 27,950 40,842 57,094 123,800 219,475 278,625 367,350 422,275 | 35-35-23 39-39-27 43-43-31 55-55-41 65-65-52 65-65-66 65-65-87 65-65-100 | 20.0
15.0 10.0 5.0 3.1 1.5 0.375 0.1875 |
Solid | 900 | 15-15-4 | 0.375 |
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Kamenicky, R.; Frank, M.; Drikakis, D.; Ritos, K. Film Boiling Conjugate Heat Transfer during Immersion Quenching. Energies 2022, 15, 4258. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124258
Kamenicky R, Frank M, Drikakis D, Ritos K. Film Boiling Conjugate Heat Transfer during Immersion Quenching. Energies. 2022; 15(12):4258. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124258
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamenicky, Robin, Michael Frank, Dimitris Drikakis, and Konstantinos Ritos. 2022. "Film Boiling Conjugate Heat Transfer during Immersion Quenching" Energies 15, no. 12: 4258. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124258