Due to the rapid development of urbanization in our country and the emergence of extreme climate factors, such as after the continuous rain, in low-lying parts of the city, the water level of the inland river basin also rises, and the traditional pump station has been unable to meet the drainage function of the city. This will give our country urban pumping station flood control, a drainage function, and put forward new and higher requirements. The traditional pump sluice engineering adopts a separate arrangement of the sluice gate and pump station, but this arrangement has disadvantages such as a large occupation area, high construction cost and decentralized management of the pump sluice. The integration between the pumping station and gate station layout set up the integration of the brake pump. The pump brake characteristics include a short time limit and covers a small area; the advantages include a low operating cost, better solution to the disadvantages of traditional brake pump engineering, is especially suitable for small and medium-sized rivers of water environments and water ecology renovation projects, has a broad application foreground, and good economic and social benefits.
There are many studies on the layout of traditional sluice stations and hydraulic optimization of pump stations by domestic and foreign scholars. Luo et al. [
1] used a variety of diversion pier rectification measures to improve the flow state of the front tank based on CFD calculations to improve the back flow area near the front tank divider of the gate station combined with the pump station. The results show that the diversion pier can eliminate the back flow zone in the front pool, and the numerical simulation results are verified by experiments. Feng et al. [
2], aiming at the problems of back flow and deflection in the downstream of the lateral gate station project, found that the double bottom can effectively control the transverse fluctuation of the downstream water surface, shorten the range of the back flow zone, and improve the uniformity of the cross-section velocity through the method of three-dimensional numerical simulation technology and a physical model test. Gao et al. [
3] studied the influence of a diversion pier on the hydraulic characteristics of the inlet pool of a gate station project based on CFD technology. The results show that a diversion pier with an appropriate length and different opening parameters can improve the hydraulic characteristics of the entrance pool of the sluice station. Wang et al. [
4] used a certain gate station as the engineering background, adopted CFD numerical simulation technology, calculated and analyzed the factors affecting the inlet and outlet flow state of the gate station hub according to the single-factor analysis method, and studied the influence of the length of the diversion wall at the outlet side of the gate station and the layout of the diversion wall on the flow state. Tastan [
5] found, through physical model experiments, that the strength of the vortex and the critical submerged depth are influenced by the design shape and location of the sluice inlet. Huang et al. [
6] analyzed hydraulic characteristics by simulating the flow inside the inlet pool. The results showed that there is a flow singularity region under the bell mouth of the rectangular inlet pool, and a w-shaped inlet pool scheme was proposed. Tang et al. [
7] used a water refill pump station in a city as the actual engineering background and analyzed the inflow flow state of the pump station under different start-up conditions based on the method of CFD numerical simulation, focusing on the improvement of the inflow flow state of the pump station using columns, grilles and water guide cones. Zi et al. [
8], to eliminate vortex and wall vortex in the fore pond and inlet pond of a large pump station, found that, based on three-dimensional hydrodynamic calculation, the combined diversion pier composed of a double-l type, three-l type and cross shaped vortex elimination plate could effectively eliminate the vortex in the fore pond of the large pump station and improve the uniformity of the flow velocity distribution. Tatsuaki [
9] studied how to improve the flow curvature of large water intake and the existence of a bad water intake flow pattern and set up a low-submersible diversion bridge to effectively reduce the scouring of water intake flow on other buildings on the bend, and the flow pattern was significantly improved. Wang [
10], according to the traditional concrete pumping station, showed that there is a large investment, a long construction period and other existing problems based on CFD technology, researched the integration of pumping station hydraulic performance effects under different geometric parameters, studied the different pump installation locations, formed and guided the water at the bottom of the cone geometry size effect on hydraulic performance, and accordingly put forward the optimal scheme. Echavez et al. [
11] conducted a study on vortex generation on the free surface of an open intake pool through a model test. Jong et al. [
12] studied the vortex under the horn pipe of the pump station inlet pool by combining a model test with numerical simulation technology and provided corresponding measures. Zhang [
13] introduced, in detail, the main characteristics of the gate pump, the way of connecting the gate and the water pump, the arrangement of the gate structure, and the design specifications according to the advantages of the combination of the full penetration pump and the steel gate. To improve the hydraulic performance of the gate pump, Guo [
14] studied the flow characteristics of the pump, including the flow characteristics of the pump station into the pool. Li [
15] designed the traditional pump station established in the early stage with limited flood control and drainage capacity; thus, it is necessary to improve or build a new pump station with a larger water volume to solve this problem. The design and technical points of the gate body, gate pump and hoist in the integrated pump sluice are introduced in detail, which provides reference for the popularization and application of the integrated pump sluice. To sum up, there are many experimental and numerical results on the hydraulic characteristics of the traditional pump sluice at present, but there are few research results on the influencing mechanism of the hydraulic characteristics of integrated pump sluice. Shen et al. [
16] analyzed the influence of the upstream and downstream water levels of the gate and the form of the submersible pump arrangement on the structural dynamic characteristics of the integrated pump gate. Shi et al. [
17,
18] studied the hydrostatic characteristics, hydrodynamic characteristics and flow-excited vibration characteristics of vertical and horizontal integrated pump gates using numerical simulation and model tests.