Impact of Preparation Method and Y2O3 Content on the Properties of the YSZ Electrolyte
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- A number of researchers have investigated the properties of YSZ with very low dopant contents (i.e., 3 mol.%), confirming the very poor conductivity of such electrolytes [16,44,45,46]. On the other hand, a slight Y2O3 overdoping may be beneficial for solid oxide cell applications operating at lower temperatures [47,48,49]. Therefore, a lower limit of the range was chosen at a generally accepted optimum Y2O3 content to investigate potential property improvements with increasing the dopant content;
- On the other hand, excessive dopant content results in a decline in the YSZ conductivity. Y2O3 content of 18 mol.% was chosen as an upper dopant limit, because it clearly exceeds the optimum and falls into the declining conductivity range [47].
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Reference Materials
2.2. YSZ Powder Synthesis
2.3. Solid Electrolyte Shape Molding from YSZ Powders
2.4. Sintering Procedure
2.5. Determination of the Structure and Conductivity of the Samples
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Determination of Structure and Composition of YSZ Powder
3.2. Synthesis and Post-Synthesis Treatment of YSZ Powder
3.3. Shape Molding and Sintering Process
3.4. Conductivity Dependence of the YSZ Electrolyte on Temperature and Degree of Y2O3 Doping
4. Conclusions
- The combustion synthesis of precursors produced powders more suited for further processing than the thermal decomposition of the precursors;
- The combustion synthesis resulted in powder agglomerates that can be easily disintegrated during post-synthesis treatment to small particles of 3 µm in diameter and with a narrow size distribution;
- Small powder particles with uniform size distribution were essential in fabricating a dense YSZ electrolyte with minimal porosity, regardless of the molding technique used;
- The obtained conductivity values confirmed the assumed dependence of dopant content showing the maximum for the sample with 8 mol.% of Y2O3;
- All the studied samples displayed Arrhenius-like behavior in the whole range of temperatures.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Name | Supplier | Y2O3 Content [mol.%] | Mono-/Poly-Crystalline | Synthesis Method | Preparation Method | Sintering Procedure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YSZ8—KERAFOL | KERAFOL | 8 | Poly | - | - | - |
YSZ8—TZ-8YS (1360, casted) | TOSOH | 8 | Poly | - | slurry casting | 1360 °C/6 h |
YSZ8—TZ-8YSB (1360) | TOSOH | 8 | Poly | - | uniaxial compression | 1360 °C/6 h |
YSZ8—TZ-8YSB (1550) | TOSOH | 8 | Poly | - | uniaxial compression | 1550 °C/24 h |
YSZ8—m. (1550) | in-house | 8 | Poly | combustion + milled | uniaxial compression | 1550 °C/24 h |
YSZ13—(1360) | in-house | 13 | Poly | combustion | uniaxial compression | 1360 °C/6 h |
YSZ13—(1550) | in-house | 13 | Poly | combustion | uniaxial compression | 1550 °C/24 h |
YSZ13—m. (1550) | in-house | 13 | Poly | combustion + milled | uniaxial compression | 1550 °C/24 h |
YSZ13—US (1550) | in-house | 13 | Poly | combustion + ultrasonic horn | uniaxial compression | 1550 °C/24 h |
YSZ18—m. (1550) | in-house | 18 | Poly | combustion + milled | uniaxial compression | 1550 °C/24 h |
Sample Name | σ 103/S·cm−1 @ 800 °C | EA/kJ·mol−1 |
---|---|---|
‘Y2O3 mol.%’—commercial name (sintering temperature) | ||
YSZ8—TZ-8YSB (1550) | 54.12 | 87.9 |
YSZ8—TZ-8YSB (1360) | 48.35 | 89.6 |
YSZ8—KERAFOL | 44.91 | 87.4 |
YSZ8—TZ-8YS (1360, casted) | 62.28 | 97.3 |
‘Y2O3 mol.%’—post-synthesis method (sintering temperature) | ||
YSZ8—m. (1550) | 35.88 | 89.1 |
YSZ13—m. (1550) | 9.10 | 103.5 |
YSZ13—US (1550) | 10.58 | 106.9 |
YSZ13—(1550) | 5.22 | 108.2 |
YSZ13—(1360) | 2.42 | 113.1 |
YSZ18—m. (1550) | 2.10 | 122.3 |
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Carda, M.; Adamová, N.; Budáč, D.; Rečková, V.; Paidar, M.; Bouzek, K. Impact of Preparation Method and Y2O3 Content on the Properties of the YSZ Electrolyte. Energies 2022, 15, 2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072565
Carda M, Adamová N, Budáč D, Rečková V, Paidar M, Bouzek K. Impact of Preparation Method and Y2O3 Content on the Properties of the YSZ Electrolyte. Energies. 2022; 15(7):2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072565
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarda, Michal, Nela Adamová, Daniel Budáč, Veronika Rečková, Martin Paidar, and Karel Bouzek. 2022. "Impact of Preparation Method and Y2O3 Content on the Properties of the YSZ Electrolyte" Energies 15, no. 7: 2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072565