Preliminary Multiphysics Modeling of Electric High-Voltage Cable of Offshore Wind-Farms
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Cable Design—Preliminary Notions
1.2. Numerical Model
- A model of a 6-wire helical single-layer conductor with a central core (Figure 2).
- A second model of a bilayer conductor with 6 helical wires in the first layer and 12 wires in the second layer (Figure 3)
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Finite Element (EF) Model
2.2. Numerical Results
2.3. Conductor Geometry Type 1 + 6
2.4. Conductor Geometry Type 1 + 6 + 12
2.5. Influences of Some Variables on the Electrical Resistance of the Conductor
2.6. Effect of Friction
2.7. Pitch Length Effects
2.8. Effects of Progressive Wire Failure
2.9. FE Thermal and Thermoelectric Modeling
- ;
- are the dielectric losses in the insulator;
- is the conductor wire number;
- is the resistance of the conductor to an alternative current;
- is the dissipation factor of the screen;
- is the dissipation factor in the shield.
2.10. Numerical Results
2.11. Copper Plasticity Effects on the Cable Temperature
2.12. Effects of Wire Failures on Cable Temperature
3. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Component | Material | Young’s Modulus (GPa) | Poisson’s Ratio | Thermal Conductivity (W/k.m) | Volum Thermal Capacity [MJ.m-3 K-1] | Thickness (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conductor | Copper (Cu) | 115 | 0.3 | 370.4 | 3.45 | Diameter: 13 |
Semi-conductor | XLPE | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.28 | 2.4 | 1 |
Insulator (XPLE) | Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) | 0.35 | 0.4 | 0.28 | 2.4 | 8 |
Sheath | High-density polyethylene (HDPE) | 1.38 | 0.42 | 0.28 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
Number | Radius `(mm) | Young’s Modulus (GPa) | Poisson’s Ratio | Unwounded (mm) | Elastic Limit (MPa) | Strength (MPa) | Electric Conductivity (S/m) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central wire | 1 | 1.97 | 115 | 0.33 | ************ | 135 | 340 | 5.9 |
Helical wire (1st row) | 6 | 1.865 | 115 | 0.33 | 210 | 135 | 340 | 5.9 |
Helical wire (2nd row) | 12 | 1.865 | 115 | 0.33 | 210 | 135 | 340 | 5.9 |
Constituents | Mean Temperature (°C) |
---|---|
Conductor | 89.94 °C |
Semi-conductor layer | 82.79 °C |
XPLE | 71.29 °C |
Semi-conductor layer | 64.53 °C |
Sheath | 62.30 °C |
Constituents | Mean Temperature (°C) Central Wire Failure | Mean Temperature (°C) With Failure of 2 Wires | Mean Temperature (°C) With Failure of 3 Wires |
---|---|---|---|
Conductor | 104.42 °C (+16.1%) | 118.95 °C (+32%) | 145.01 °C (+61%) |
Semi-conductor layer | 96.01 °C (15%) | 109.23 °C (+31%) | 133.03 °C (+60%) |
XPLE | 82.09 °C (+15%) | 92.89 °C (+30%) | 112.34 °C (+57%) |
Semi-conductor layer | 73.91 °C (+14%) | 83.28 °C (+29%) | 100.16 °C (+55%) |
Sheath | 71.21 °C (+14%) | 80.11 °C (+28%) | 96.15 °C (+54%) |
Temperature variation | 14.8% | 30% | 57% |
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Ech-Cheikh, F.; Matine, A.; Drissi-Habti, M. Preliminary Multiphysics Modeling of Electric High-Voltage Cable of Offshore Wind-Farms. Energies 2023, 16, 6286. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16176286
Ech-Cheikh F, Matine A, Drissi-Habti M. Preliminary Multiphysics Modeling of Electric High-Voltage Cable of Offshore Wind-Farms. Energies. 2023; 16(17):6286. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16176286
Chicago/Turabian StyleEch-Cheikh, Fouad, Abdelghani Matine, and Monssef Drissi-Habti. 2023. "Preliminary Multiphysics Modeling of Electric High-Voltage Cable of Offshore Wind-Farms" Energies 16, no. 17: 6286. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16176286