Study on Microscopic Pore Structure Classification for EOR of Low Permeability Conglomerate Reservoirs in Mahu Sag
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Methods
2.1. Samples
2.2. Materials and Instruments
2.3. CMI Steps
2.4. NMR Steps
3. Microscopic Pore Throat Characteristics
3.1. Pore Types
3.2. Microscopic Pore Throat Structure
4. Reservoir Classification
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Formation Water | Water type | CaCl2 | Crude Oil | Density (g/cm3) | 0.827 | |
Total salinity (mg/L) | 11,047.4 | Viscosity at 50 ℃ (MPa•s) | 8.6 | |||
Main ion mineralization (mg/L) | Na++K+ | 3054.2 | Wax content (%) | 8.2 | ||
Mg2+ | 38.5 | |||||
Ca2+ | 1055.3 | Freezing point (℃) | 16.6 | |||
SO42− | 105.5 | |||||
Cl− | 6295.1 | Initial boiling point (℃) | 137.2 | |||
HCO3− | 538.9 |
Lithology | Sandy-Grain-Supported Conglomerate | Gravelly Coarse Sandstone | Sandy-Gravelly Matrix-Supported Conglomerate | Argillaceous-Supported Conglomerate |
---|---|---|---|---|
Core Photos | | | | |
CTS | | | | |
3D Digital Cores | | | | |
Pore Network Model | | | | |
CMI | | | | |
NMR | | | | |
Lithology | Sandy Grain-Supported Conglomerate | Gravelly Coarse Sandstone | Sandy-Gravelly Matrix-Supported Conglomerate | Argillaceous-Supported Conglomerate |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average Throat Radius (mm) | 5.94 | 3.24 | 3.83 | 2.95 |
Average Pore Radius (mm) | 178.31 | 160.13 | 169.94 | 160.14 |
Average Pore/Throat Radius Ratio | 45.85 | 110.92 | 91.99 | 91.67 |
Average Pore Volume (nl) | 28.74 | 22.16 | 26.9 | 23.12 |
Average Capillary Radius (mm) | 5.97 | 3.1 | 3.23 | 2.43 |
Root Mean Square Value of Throat Radius (ΜM) | 7.87 | 4.19 | 4.46 | 3.48 |
The radius of Main Throat (mm) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2.33 |
Final Mercury Saturation (%) | 52.38 | 34.71 | 49.22 | 27.59 |
Total Pore Mercury Saturation (%) | 9.92 | 5.21 | 16.63 | 2.75 |
Total Throat Mercury Saturation (%) | 42.46 | 29.5 | 32.5 9 | 24.83 |
Total Pore/Throat Volume Ratio | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.44 | 0.11 |
Displacement Pressure (MPa) | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.45 | 0.1 |
Reservoir Type | Porosity (%) | Permeability (mD) | Displacement Pressure (MPa) | Maximum Pore Throat Radius (mm) | Median Pressure (MPa) | Median Radius (mm) | Average Capillary Radius (mm) | Saturated Pore Volume Percentage (%) | Mercury Ejection Efficiency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type Ⅰ | 5.9–14.8 9.46 | 0.32–86.4 2.85 | 0.16 | 35.8 | 0.5 | 1.12 | 35.8–0.035 1.42 | 77.5 | 18.6 |
Type Ⅱ | 4.7–12.6 8.36 | 0.27–73.6 1.54 | 0.2 | 8.96 | 1.8 | 0.58 | 8.96–0.035 0.92 | 78.4 | 19.4 |
Type Ⅲ | 4.3–10.7 7.72 | 0.18–25.3 1.06 | 0.32 | 4.59 | 10.1 | 0.26 | 4.59–0.03 0.51 | 66.3 | 16.4 |
Type Ⅳ | 2.7–9.2 5.86 | 0.04–8.93 0.43 | 0.36 | 2.32 | 11.2 | 0.14 | 2.32–0.03 0.29 | 60.4 | 21.2 |
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Wang, Y.; Zhao, X.; Tang, C.; Zhang, X.; Ma, C.; Yi, X.; Tan, F.; Zhao, D.; Li, J.; Jing, Y. Study on Microscopic Pore Structure Classification for EOR of Low Permeability Conglomerate Reservoirs in Mahu Sag. Energies 2023, 16, 626. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020626
Wang Y, Zhao X, Tang C, Zhang X, Ma C, Yi X, Tan F, Zhao D, Li J, Jing Y. Study on Microscopic Pore Structure Classification for EOR of Low Permeability Conglomerate Reservoirs in Mahu Sag. Energies. 2023; 16(2):626. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020626
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Yong, Xubin Zhao, Chuanyi Tang, Xuyang Zhang, Chunmiao Ma, Xingyu Yi, Fengqi Tan, Dandan Zhao, Jie Li, and Yuqian Jing. 2023. "Study on Microscopic Pore Structure Classification for EOR of Low Permeability Conglomerate Reservoirs in Mahu Sag" Energies 16, no. 2: 626. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020626