Significance of Harmonic Filters by Computation of Short-Time Fourier Transform-Based Time–Frequency Representation of Supply Voltage
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The frequency domain representation of harmonics based on mathematical equations;
- The short-time Fourier transform-based representation of harmonics;
- Generation of the waveforms of voltage and current waveforms at the supply side and load side by the simulation of a power system in a MATLAB environment;
- Keeping in view the power quality in terms of the supply voltage and load current, the supply voltage is considered for analysis;
- A spectrogram of the supply voltage is visualized for different windows of Hamming, Kaiser, and Blackman windows;
- Using the time and frequency domain representation for a length, the Hamming window is chosen for analysis;
- Using the Hamming window for small and large window lengths, the spectrogram is analyzed for supply voltage with and without filters;
- A reduction in the power distribution is observed for the spectrogram of the supply voltage after connecting the filters;
- This indicates a reduction in the harmonic content;
- The results are validated by a calculation of the total harmonic distortion;
- The renewable energy source is integrated into the system, and the effect of the filter’s presence is observed.
1.1. Analysis of Harmonic Content Present in a Signal
1.1.1. Information about Frequency Content
1.1.2. Extraction of Additional Information Using Time–frequency Representation
1.1.3. Role of Harmonic Filters
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Application of Fourier Transform for Harmonics Signal
2.1.1. Generation of Harmonics in Time and Frequency Domains
2.1.2. Short-Time Fourier Transform-Based Representation of Harmonics Signal
2.2. Voltage and Current Waveforms Obtained at Supply and Load Sides
Generation of Waveforms in Time Domain
2.3. Analysis of Supply Voltage
2.3.1. Spectrogram-Based Representation of Supply Voltage
2.3.2. Representation of Different ‘Windows’ in Time and Frequency Domains
2.3.3. Effect of Variations in STFT Analysis for Different Sizes in WINDOW length
3. THD Analysis
4. Integration of Renewable Energy Sources with Stochastic Behavior to Show Effect of Filter
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Type | Quantity and Values |
---|---|
Three-phase voltage source | Phase-to-phase voltage = 500 kV |
Source resistance = 0 Ω | |
Source inductance = 98.03 mH | |
Distribution line | Resistance = 26. 07 Ω |
Inductance = 48.86 mH | |
Three-phase transformer | Nominal power = 1200 MVA |
Winding 1 voltage = 450 kV | |
Winding 2 voltage = 200 kV | |
Winding 3 voltage = 200 kV | |
Three-phase nonlinear load | Bridge rectifier |
Series Capacitor | Double-Tuned Filter | High-Pass Filter | C-Type High-Pass Filter |
---|---|---|---|
Type | Quantity and Values |
---|---|
Solar PV array | Sun irradiance = 1000 W/m2 |
Cell temperature = 45 °C Number of parallel strings = 88 | |
Series-connected modules per string = 7 |
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Priyadarshini, M.S.; Krishna, D.; Kumar, K.V.; Amaresh, K.; Goud, B.S.; Bajaj, M.; Altameem, T.; El-Shafai, W.; Fouda, M.M. Significance of Harmonic Filters by Computation of Short-Time Fourier Transform-Based Time–Frequency Representation of Supply Voltage. Energies 2023, 16, 2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052194
Priyadarshini MS, Krishna D, Kumar KV, Amaresh K, Goud BS, Bajaj M, Altameem T, El-Shafai W, Fouda MM. Significance of Harmonic Filters by Computation of Short-Time Fourier Transform-Based Time–Frequency Representation of Supply Voltage. Energies. 2023; 16(5):2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052194
Chicago/Turabian StylePriyadarshini, M. S., D. Krishna, Kurakula Vimala Kumar, K. Amaresh, B. Srikanth Goud, Mohit Bajaj, Torki Altameem, Walid El-Shafai, and Mostafa M. Fouda. 2023. "Significance of Harmonic Filters by Computation of Short-Time Fourier Transform-Based Time–Frequency Representation of Supply Voltage" Energies 16, no. 5: 2194. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052194