Improvement of Municipal Solid Waste Syngas Premixed Flame with Cellular Structure on a Flat Burner
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The cellular flame characteristics and flame stability of MSW syngas;
- The composition of the improved MSW syngas to show that is closer to the flame characteristics of natural gas;
- The cellular flame characteristics and flame stability of the improved MSW syngas.
2. Methodology
2.1. Equivalence Ratio
2.2. Adiabatic Flame Temperature ()
2.3. Cell Size of Cellular Flames
2.4. Power Spectral Density
2.5. Reconstructed Attractor
2.6. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Syngas
2.7. Natural Gas Composition
3. Experimental Setup
3.1. McKenna Flat Burner
3.2. Experimental Apparatus
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Combustion Characteristics of Simulated MSW Syngas
4.2. Effect of CH4 on Cellular Flames
4.3. Effect of H2 on Cellular Flames
4.4. Improvement of Syngas 1 with the Addition of CH4 and H2
5. Conclusions
- Not every simulated MSW syngas was ignitable. Syngas 4 and Syngas 5 could not be ignited, whereas Syngas 1, Syngas 2, and Syngas 3 were ignitable, but further improvements to their flame stabilities are required.
- Among the ignitable syngas samples, Syngas 1, with a composition of 16.2% CH4, 13.5% H2, 69.1% N2, and 0.6% O2 (by vol.), was the most suitable for further flame stability improvements. This was due to its relatively high concentrations of CH4 and H2 compared to Syngas 2 and Syngas 3.
- The equivalence ratio was an important parameter that controlled flame stability via the cell size of the flame. The cell size was inversely proportional to the equivalence ratio. The cell size was greater when the equivalence ratio was lower, and the flame blew off if Φ was less than a critical value.
- CH4 and H2 can be considered effective additives for improved flame stability. The addition of CH4 and H2 to Syngas 1 effectively improved its flame characteristics to a degree comparable to NG. The improved Syngas 1 yielded an increase of 24.6% of the heating value and comparable flame characteristics to those of an NG flame. This study shows that MSW syngas has great potential to replace NG in power generation.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Syngas | Represented MSW Syngas | Compositions of Simulated Syngas [%Vol.] | LHV [MJ/Nm3] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH4 | H2 | N2 | O2 | |||
1 | WR10 | 16.2 | 13.5 | 69.1 | 0.6 | 7.14 |
2 | WR25 | 13.4 | 14.3 | 71.6 | 0.7 | 6.30 |
3 | WR40 | 7.2 | 15.2 | 76.7 | 0.9 | 4.20 |
4 | RDF5 | 7.9 | 5.0 | 86.5 | 0.6 | 3.34 |
5 | RDF5WC30 | 10.1 | 7.1 | 82.2 | 0.6 | 4.35 |
Syngas | Composition of Addition [%Vol.] | Compositions of Simulated Syngas [%Vol.] | LHV [MJ/Nm3] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH4 | H2 | CH4 | H2 | N2 | O2 | ||
1 | - | - | 16.2 | 13.5 | 69.1 | 0.6 | 7.14 |
1-C1 | 1.0 | - | 17.6 | 13.4 | 68.4 | 0.6 | 7.70 |
1-C3 | 3.0 | - | 19.2 | 13.1 | 67.1 | 0.6 | 8.23 |
1-C5 | 5.0 | - | 20.8 | 12.8 | 65.8 | 0.6 | 8.77 |
1-H7 | - | 7.0 | 15.7 | 19.1 | 64.6 | 0.6 | 7.63 |
1-C1H7.3 | 1.0 | 7.3 | 16.4 | 19.2 | 63.8 | 0.6 | 7.90 |
1-C3H7.7 | 3.0 | 7.7 | 17.9 | 19.2 | 62.4 | 0.5 | 8.43 |
1-C5H8 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 19.3 | 19.0 | 61.2 | 0.5 | 8.90 |
Syngas | d (mm) |
---|---|
Natural gas [15] | 19.8 |
1 | 7.5 |
1-H7 | 7.3 |
1-C1H7.3 | 6.8 |
1-C3H7.7 | 7.0 |
1-C5H8 | 6.4 |
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Kaewpradap, A.; Sarmarnjit, P.; Korkeatkangwan, P.; Sawatnuchart, K.; Jugjai, S. Improvement of Municipal Solid Waste Syngas Premixed Flame with Cellular Structure on a Flat Burner. Energies 2023, 16, 2361. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052361
Kaewpradap A, Sarmarnjit P, Korkeatkangwan P, Sawatnuchart K, Jugjai S. Improvement of Municipal Solid Waste Syngas Premixed Flame with Cellular Structure on a Flat Burner. Energies. 2023; 16(5):2361. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052361
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaewpradap, Amornrat, Paweenuch Sarmarnjit, Pisit Korkeatkangwan, Kritchaniphat Sawatnuchart, and Sumrerng Jugjai. 2023. "Improvement of Municipal Solid Waste Syngas Premixed Flame with Cellular Structure on a Flat Burner" Energies 16, no. 5: 2361. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052361