Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Photovoltaic Photothermal Modules in Solar Heat Pump Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Establishment of Mathematical Model for PV/T Modules
2.1. Mathematical Modeling of PV/T Module
- The temperature of each layer of the PV/T photovoltaic thermal module is uniform, and there is no temperature gradient within the same horizontal layer;
- The heat transfer process only occurs in the direction perpendicular to the PV/T module;
- The contact between different layers inside the module is good, without thermal conductivity or contact resistance;
- The absorption and transmittance of the EVA adhesive to solar radiation is negligible;
- The thermal properties of each layer of material are stable and do not change with temperature;
- The insulation material has good insulation performance, without heat dissipation from the frame and back panel.
2.2. Optoelectronic Effect Model
3. Dynamic Simulation Model of PV/T Modules and Heat Pump System
3.1. Models of PV/T Modules and Heat Pump System
3.2. Model Verification
4. Analysis of Simulation Results
4.1. Simulation Analysis under Summer Heating Conditions
4.2. Simulation Analysis under Winter Heating Conditions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Symbols | Meaning | Unit |
---|---|---|
The solar radiation energy absorbed by the PV/T photovoltaic thermal module per unit area | W·m−2 | |
The power generation of photovoltaic cells per unit area | W·m−2 | |
The heat absorbed by the cooling working fluid per unit heat exchange area in the collector | W·m−2; | |
The average density of a collector [10] | kg·m−3 | |
The specific heat capacity of the collector | J·kg−1·K−1 | |
The thickness of the PV/T module | m | |
The convective heat transfer of air per unit area of glass cover plate | W·m−2 | |
The radiant heat transfer per unit area of glass cover plate to the sky | W·m−2 | |
The heat transfer coefficient between glass and air | W·m−2·K−1 | |
The glass cover plate temperature | K | |
The ambient temperature | K | |
The emissivity of the glass cover plate | - | |
The Stefan Boltzmann constant, 5.67 × 10−8 | W·m−2·K−4 | |
The sky background temperature | K | |
The absorption rate of solar radiation by the glass cover plate | - | |
The solar radiation intensity projected onto the surface of the PV/T photovoltaic thermal module | W·m−2; | |
The heat transfer coefficient between the upper EVA adhesive and the glass cover plate | W·m−2·K−1 | |
The temperature of the upper EVA adhesive | K | |
The heat transfer coefficient between the photovoltaic panel and the upper EVA adhesive | W·m−2·K−1 | |
The temperature of the photovoltaic panel | K | |
The transmittance of the glass cover plate to solar radiation | - | |
The heat transfer coefficient between the photovoltaic panel and the lower EVA adhesive | W·m−2·K−1 | |
The temperature of the lower EVA adhesive | K | |
The heat transfer coefficient between the lower EVA adhesive and the collector aluminum plate | W·m−2·K−1 | |
The temperature of the collector aluminum plate | K | |
The heat transfer coefficient between the collector aluminum plate and the cooling medium | W·m−2·K−1 | |
The temperature of the cooling working fluid inside the PV/T photovoltaic thermal module | K | |
The mass of the cooling working fluid inside the collector | kg | |
The temperature of the cooling medium entering and exiting the collector | K | |
The area of the collector aluminum plate | m2 | |
The average heat transfer temperature difference between the collector aluminum plate and the cooling working fluid of the collector | K | |
The mass flow rate of the cooling working fluid inside the PV/T photovoltaic thermal module | kg·s−1 | |
The actual photovoltaic conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells | - | |
The photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells under a standard laboratory environment | - | |
The temperature coefficient for monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, with its value generally taken as 0.0045 | K−1 | |
The testing temperature under standard conditions for photovoltaic cells, generally 25 °C, which is 298.15 K | K | |
The rate of solar radiation absorption by the glass cover plate of the PV/T module | - |
Basic Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Absorptivity | 0.9 |
Transmittance | 0.9 |
The initial temperature of the cooling fluid (°C) | 6.85 |
Wind velocity (m/s) | 2.68 |
Specific heat capacity of cooling medium | 3000 |
The quality of the water in the pipe (kg) | 1000 |
Hot plate area (m2) | 432 |
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Share and Cite
Sun, T.; Li, Z.; Gou, Y.; Guo, G.; An, Y.; Fu, Y.; Li, Q.; Zhong, X. Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Photovoltaic Photothermal Modules in Solar Heat Pump Systems. Energies 2024, 17, 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051042
Sun T, Li Z, Gou Y, Guo G, An Y, Fu Y, Li Q, Zhong X. Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Photovoltaic Photothermal Modules in Solar Heat Pump Systems. Energies. 2024; 17(5):1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051042
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Tianbao, Zhun Li, Yujun Gou, Guangzheng Guo, Yue An, Yongqi Fu, Qingan Li, and Xiaohui Zhong. 2024. "Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Photovoltaic Photothermal Modules in Solar Heat Pump Systems" Energies 17, no. 5: 1042. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051042