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Volume 7
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10.3390/en7096013
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Review

Towards a Friendly Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Respect to Pollution, Battery and Drivability

by
Guillaume Colin
*,
Yann Chamaillard
,
Alain Charlet
and
Dominique Nelson-Gruel
Laboratoire PRISME, Univ. Orléans, EA 4229, F45072 Orléans, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2014, 7(9), 6013-6030; https://doi.org/10.3390/en7096013
Submission received: 16 April 2014 / Revised: 11 July 2014 / Accepted: 31 July 2014 / Published: 12 September 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hybrid Vehicles)
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Abstract

The paper proposes a generic methodology to incorporate constraints (pollutant emission, battery health, drivability) into on-line energy management strategies (EMSs) for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The integration of each constraint into the EMS, made with the Pontryagin maximum principle, shows a tradeoff between the fuel consumption and the constraint introduced. As state dynamics come into play (catalyst temperature, battery cell temperature, etc.), the optimization problem becomes more complex. Simulation results are presented to highlight the contribution of this generic strategy, including constraints compared to the standard approach. These results show that it is possible to find an energy management strategy that takes into account an increasing number of constraints (drivability, pollution, aging, environment, etc.). However, taking these constraints into account increases fuel consumption (the existence of a trade-off curve). This trade-off can be sometimes difficult to find, and the tools developed in this paper should help to find an acceptable solution quickly
Keywords: energy management strategy; hybrid electric vehicles; constraints; drivability; pollutant emission; Li-ion battery aging; Pontryagin’s maximum principle energy management strategy; hybrid electric vehicles; constraints; drivability; pollutant emission; Li-ion battery aging; Pontryagin’s maximum principle

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MDPI and ACS Style

Colin, G.; Chamaillard, Y.; Charlet, A.; Nelson-Gruel, D. Towards a Friendly Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Respect to Pollution, Battery and Drivability. Energies 2014, 7, 6013-6030. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7096013

AMA Style

Colin G, Chamaillard Y, Charlet A, Nelson-Gruel D. Towards a Friendly Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Respect to Pollution, Battery and Drivability. Energies. 2014; 7(9):6013-6030. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7096013

Chicago/Turabian Style

Colin, Guillaume, Yann Chamaillard, Alain Charlet, and Dominique Nelson-Gruel. 2014. "Towards a Friendly Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Respect to Pollution, Battery and Drivability" Energies 7, no. 9: 6013-6030. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7096013

APA Style

Colin, G., Chamaillard, Y., Charlet, A., & Nelson-Gruel, D. (2014). Towards a Friendly Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Respect to Pollution, Battery and Drivability. Energies, 7(9), 6013-6030. https://doi.org/10.3390/en7096013

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