Ferroelectric Domain Structure and Local Piezoelectric Properties of Lead-Free (Ka0.5Na0.5)NbO3 and BiFeO3-Based Piezoelectric Ceramics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Sintering and Crystal Structure
2.1. BiFeO3 System
2.2. KNbO3–NaNbO3 System
3. Methods of Domain Structure Visualization
3.1. Scanning Electron Microscopy after Selective Chemical Etching
3.2. Transmission Electron Microscopy
3.3. Piezoresponse Force Microscopy
3.4. Confocal Raman Microscopy
4. Domain Structure in BiFeO3
4.1. Undoped BiFeO3
4.2. Doping by Rare Earth Ions
4.3. Doping by Alkaline Earth and Heavy Metal Ions
4.4. BiFeO3-xLaFeO3-0.05La2/3TiO3
4.5. Temperature Dependence of Local Piezoelectric Response
4.6. Grain Size–Domain Size Relation
4.7. Local Switching by PFM
5. Domain Structure and Local Piezoelectric Properties of KNN-Based Ceramics
5.1. Domain Structure before Poling
5.2. Domain Structure after Poling
5.3. Coexistence of Tetragonal and Orthorombic Phases
5.4. Temperaute Dependences of Local Piezoelectric Response and Grain Size–Domain Size Relation
5.5. Local Switching by PFM
6. Domain Structure Input to the Dielectric Permittivity and Piezoelectricity
- Emission of elastic shear waves from ferroelastic domain walls [129,131,132,133,134,135]. Ferroelastic domain walls are displaced in an applied electric field, which causes a shift of matter on both sides of the wall in opposite directions parallel to the domain wall. Thus, the domain walls behave like shear wave transducers; the shear waves emitted into the adjacent grains at high frequencies cause considerable dielectric losses, resulting in dielectric relaxation.
- Maxwell–Wagner effect of the conductive domain walls [136].
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Alikin, D.; Turygin, A.; Kholkin, A.; Shur, V. Ferroelectric Domain Structure and Local Piezoelectric Properties of Lead-Free (Ka0.5Na0.5)NbO3 and BiFeO3-Based Piezoelectric Ceramics. Materials 2017, 10, 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10010047
Alikin D, Turygin A, Kholkin A, Shur V. Ferroelectric Domain Structure and Local Piezoelectric Properties of Lead-Free (Ka0.5Na0.5)NbO3 and BiFeO3-Based Piezoelectric Ceramics. Materials. 2017; 10(1):47. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10010047
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlikin, Denis, Anton Turygin, Andrei Kholkin, and Vladimir Shur. 2017. "Ferroelectric Domain Structure and Local Piezoelectric Properties of Lead-Free (Ka0.5Na0.5)NbO3 and BiFeO3-Based Piezoelectric Ceramics" Materials 10, no. 1: 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10010047