Novel Aminoacridine Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Hybrid Polymeric Membranes for Static and Hydrodynamic Drug Quality Control Monitoring
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Apparatus and Reagents
2.2. Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
2.3. Membrane Sensors and Potential Measurements
2.4. Binding Capacity of Aminoacridine Molecularly Imprinted Polymer
2.5. Selectivity Towards Other Cations
2.6. Determination of ACR in Biological Fluids
2.7. Determination of ACR in Pharmaceutical Samples
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Characterization of the MIP Particles
3.2. Binding Capacity of MIPs and Scatchard Analysis
3.3. Sensors Performances
3.4. Sensors Selectivity
3.5. Hydrodynamic Monitoring of Aminoacridine
3.6. The Analytical Applications
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Scatchard Parameters | MIP/MAA/ACR | NIP/MAA/ACR | MIP/AM/ACR | NIP/AM/ACR |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kd1, μM | 1764.91 | - | 22.14 | 242.72 |
Qmax1, μmol/g | 497.35 | - | 24.37 | 49.48 |
Kd2, μM | 401.6 | 15.04 | 724.63 | 487.8 |
Qmax2, μmol/g | 250.07 | 35.82 | 329.71 | 69.87 |
Parameters | Sensor (I) MIP/MAA | Sensor (II) MIP/AM | Sensor (III) MIP/MAA/TPB | Sensor (IV) MIP/AM/TPB |
---|---|---|---|---|
Slope, (mV/decade) | 51.2 ± 1.3 | 50.5 ± 1.4 | 39.9 ± 0.9 | 41.0 ± 1.6 |
Correlation coefficient, (r2) | 0.9997 | 0.9999 | 0.9998 | 0.9998 |
Linear range, (M) | 5.2 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−3 | 5.2 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−3 | 5.2 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−3 | 5.2 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−3 |
Detection limit, (M) | 2.5 × 10−7 | 8.7 × 10−7 | 1.0 × 10−6 | 8.9 × 10−7 |
Working range, (pH) | 4.0–7.0 | 3.5–7.0 | 4.0–7.0 | 3.5–7.0 |
Response time, (s) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Life span, (week) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Standard deviation, (mV) | 0.98 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
Interfering Ion | Log Kpoti,j | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sensor (I) MIP/MAA | Sensor(II) MIP/AM | Sensor (III) MIP/MAA/TPB | Sensor (IV) MIP/AM/TPB | |
ACR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Piperidine | −2.85 | −2.92 | −2.88 | −2.77 |
Ethylendiamine | −2.73 | −2.86 | −2.86 | −2.89 |
3−Aminopyidine | −2.90 | −2.93 | −3.00 | −2.89 |
Hydroxylamine | −2.89 | −2.9 | −3.00 | −2.92 |
Histidine | −2.80 | −2.94 | −3.05 | −2.95 |
Alanine | −2.85 | −3.01 | −3.07 | −2.96 |
Imidazole | −2.88 | −2.95 | −3.14 | −2.95 |
Methylamine | −3.04 | −3.11 | −3.10 | −2.98 |
Hexamine | −2.94 | −3.00 | −3.05 | −3.02 |
Amprolium HCl | −2.71 | −2.86 | −3.30 | −3.04 |
Urea | −2.87 | −2.98 | −3.10 | −3.04 |
Dimethylamine | −2.90 | −3.06 | −2.86 | −3.10 |
Parameters | Sensor (I) MIP/MAA | Sensor (II) MIP/AM |
---|---|---|
Slope, (mV/decade) | 50.1 ± 0.3 | 50.7 ± 0.2 |
Correlation coefficient, (r2) | 0.9988 | 0.9988 |
Linear range, M | 10−5–10−2 | 10−5–10−2 |
Detection limit, M | 1.0 × 10−6 | 1.0 × 10−5 |
Working range, (pH) | 4.0–7.0 | 3.5–7.0 |
Response time, (s) | 10 | 10 |
Life span, (week) | 8 | 8 |
Flow rate, mL/min | 3.5 | 3.5 |
Sample rate/h | 18 | 22 |
Sample | Added (μM) | Labeled (g) | Static Mode | Hydrodynamic Mode | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sensor (I) | Sensor (II) | Sensor (I) | Sensor (II) | |||||||
Found | RSD a | Found | RSD a | Found | RSD a | Found | RSD a | |||
S1 (Urine) | 10 | - | 10.2 ± 0.04 | 102.0 ± 0.3 | - | - | 9.78 | 97.8 ± 0.4 | 9.77 | 97.7 ± 0.4 |
S2 (Urine) | 50 | - | 50.3 ± 0.02 | 100.6 ± 0.14 | 51 ± 0.6 | 102.0 ± 1.2 | - | - | - | - |
S3 (Urine) | 100 | - | 99.8 ± 0.01 | 99.8.1 ± 0.7 | 93.4 ± 0.7 | 93.4 ± 1.3 | 93.3 | 93.3 ± 0.8 | 95.5 | 95.5 ± 0.8 |
S4 (Urine) | 1000 | - | - | - | 906 ± 0.5 | 90.6 ± 2.0 | 990 | 99.0 ± 0.5 | 1040 | 104.0 ± 0.5 |
S5 (Plasma) | 10 | - | 10.2 ± 0.06 | 102.0 ± 1.3 | 10.5 ± 1.4 | 105 ± 2.5 | 9.64 | 96.4 ± 0.4 | 9.77 | 97.7 ± 0.4 |
S6 (Plasma) | 100 | - | 94.4 ± 0.05 | 94.44 ± 2.0 | 93.3 ± 0.5 | 93.3 ± 1.2 | 97.7 | 97.7 ± 0.4 | 95.5 | 95.5 ± 0.4 |
S7 (Plasma) | 1000 | - | 1090 ± 0.01 | 109 ± 1.3 | 934 ± 0.4 | 93.4 ± 1.5 | 1050 | 105.0 ± 0.3 | - | - |
S8 (Septogel) | - | 0.01 | 0.01058 ± 0.01 | 105.8 ± 1.2 | 0.00998 ± 0.05 | 99.8 ± 1.8 | 0.00987 | 98.7 ± 0.1 | 0.00972 | 97.2 ± 0.3 |
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S. M. Hassan, S.; E. Amr, A.E.-G.; Abd El-Naby, H.; El-Naggar, M.; H. Kamel, A.; M. Khalifa, N. Novel Aminoacridine Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Hybrid Polymeric Membranes for Static and Hydrodynamic Drug Quality Control Monitoring. Materials 2019, 12, 3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203327
S. M. Hassan S, E. Amr AE-G, Abd El-Naby H, El-Naggar M, H. Kamel A, M. Khalifa N. Novel Aminoacridine Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Hybrid Polymeric Membranes for Static and Hydrodynamic Drug Quality Control Monitoring. Materials. 2019; 12(20):3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203327
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. M. Hassan, Saad, Abd El-Galil E. Amr, Heba Abd El-Naby, Mohamed El-Naggar, Ayman H. Kamel, and Nagy M. Khalifa. 2019. "Novel Aminoacridine Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Hybrid Polymeric Membranes for Static and Hydrodynamic Drug Quality Control Monitoring" Materials 12, no. 20: 3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12203327