Porous Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Directly Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Pure and Heteroatom-Doped Carbons
2.1. Zn-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.1.1. MOF-5-Derived Carbons
2.1.2. Other Zn-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.1.3. ZIF-8-Derived Carbons
2.1.4. Other ZIF-Derived Carbons
2.2. Other MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.1. Al-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.2. Cd-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.3. Co-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.4. Cu-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.5. Fe-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.6. K-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.7. Mg-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.8. Ni-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.9. Sr-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.2.10. Zr-MOF-Derived Carbons
2.3. Other Kinds
2.4. Asymmetic Supercapacitor (ASC)
3. Metallic NP-Containing Carbons
3.1. Ni-MOF-Derived Carbons
3.1.1. Ni-bdc MOF-Derived Carbons
3.1.2. Ni-btc MOF-Derived Carbons
3.1.3. Other Ni-MOF-Derived Carbons
3.2. Co-MOF-Derived Carbons
3.2.1. ZIF-67-Derived Carbons
3.2.2. Other Kinds
3.3. Fe-MOF-Derived Carbons
3.4. Other Kinds
3.5. Asymmetic Supercapacitor (ASC)
4. Carbon-Based Composites
4.1. Carbon/Carbon Composites
4.1.1. Zn-MOF-Derived Composites
MOF-5-Derived Composites
ZIF-8-Derived Composites
4.1.2. Co-MOF-Derived Composite
4.1.3. Cu-MOF-Derived Composite
4.1.4. Zr-MOF-Derived Composite
4.1.5. Other Kinds
4.2. Carbon/Metal Oxide Composite
4.2.1. Composite Containing CeO2
4.2.2. Composite Containing Co3O4
4.2.3. Composite Containing Copper Oxides
4.2.4. Composite Containing Fe3O4
4.2.5. Composite Containing Mn3O4
4.2.6. Composite Containing MoO2
4.2.7. Composite Containing RuO2
4.2.8. Composite Containing ZnO
4.2.9. Other Complex Composites
4.2.10. Other Mixed Composites
4.3. Carbon/Metal Sulfide Composites
4.3.1. Composites Containing Cobalt Sulfides
4.3.2. Composites Containing Copper Sulfides
4.3.3. Composite Containing Indium Sulfides
4.3.4. Composite Containing MoS2
4.3.5. Other Kinds
4.4. Carbon/Polymer Composites
4.4.1. Composites Containing Polyaniline
4.4.2. Composite Containing PEDOT
4.5. Carbon/LDH Composite
4.6. Composites from Single-Carbon Sources
4.7. Composites from Dual-Carbon Sources
4.8. The Asymmetic Supercapacitor (ASC)
4.8.1. Carbon/Carbon Composites
4.8.2. Carbon/Metal Oxide Composites
Composites Containing Cobalt Oxides
Composites Containing Iron Oxides
Composites Containing Manganese Oxides
Other Kinds
4.8.3. Composites Containing Carbon/Metal Sulfide
Composites Containing Co9S8
Composites Containing Nickel-Cobalt-Sulfides
Another Kind
4.8.4. Carbon/Metal Hydroxide Composite
4.8.5. Other Kinds
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NPC | 2872 | 312 | - | - | 2E | 27 |
NPC530 | 3040 | 158 | - | - | 2E | 28 |
NPC650 | 1521 | 222 | - | - | 2E | 28 |
NPC800 | 1141 | 151 | - | - | 2E | 28 |
NPC900 | 1647 | 148 | - | - | 2E | 28 |
NPC1000 | 2524 | 149 | - | - | 2E | 28 |
MC | 1812 | 172 | 23.6 | - | 3E/2E | 29 |
MPC | 1543 | 193 | 24.6 | - | 3E/2E | 29 |
MAC | 384 | 104 | 3.6 | - | 3E/2E | 29 |
MC-A | 1673 | 222 | 27.4 | - | 3E/2E | 29 |
MPC-A | 1271 | 196 | 27.6 | - | 3E/2E | 29 |
MAC-A | 2222 | 274 | 31.2 | - | 3E/2E | 29 |
3D hierarchical porous carbon | 1600 | 175 | - | - | 2E | 30 |
MDC-D | 2980 | - | - | - | 3E | 31 |
IPC3-M | 1515 | 212 | - | - | 2E | 32 |
MOF-5-C 850 | 609 | 244 | - | - | 3E | 33 |
MOF-5/AC-C nsp 850 | 677 | 300 | - | - | 3E | 33 |
IMCS4-8-6 | 860 | 242 | 8.41 | 9907 | 2E | 34 |
Porous carbon | 2619 | 148.8 | 17.37 | 13,516.4 | 3E/2E | 35 |
PVDF/CMOF-5 | 847 | 218 | - | - | 2E | 36 |
Laminated HPC | 2368 | 234 | - | - | 3E | 37 |
C-MOF-5 | 2184 | 150 | - | - | 2E | 38 |
C-MOF-2 | 1378 | 170 | - | - | 2E | 38 |
C-Zn-BTC | 1326 | 134 | - | - | 2E | 38 |
C-Zn-NDC | 920 | 114 | - | - | 2E | 38 |
C-Zn-PAA | 495 | 110 | - | - | 2E | 38 |
C-Zn-ADA | 513 | 95 | - | - | 2E | 38 |
CIRMOF-3-950 | 553 | 239 | - | - | 2E | 39 |
CIRMOF-3-800 | 402 | 153 | - | - | 2E | 39 |
CIRMOF-3-700 | 454 | 54 | - | - | 2E | 39 |
CIRMOF-3-600 | 391 | 0.9 | - | - | 2E | 39 |
CMOF-5-950 | 572 | 24 | - | - | 2E | 39 |
GNRib | 1492 | 273 | - | - | 2E | 40 |
CNRod | 1559 | 187 | - | - | 2E | 40 |
MPC | 1286 | 120 | - | - | 2E | 40 |
C-S-800 | 319 | 61 | - | - | 2E | 41 |
C-S-900 | 1356 | 369 | 12.5 | 7200 | 2E | 41 |
C-S-1000 | 1122 | 248 | - | - | 2E | 41 |
C-B-800 | 191 | 35 | - | - | 2E | 41 |
C-B-900 | 543 | 116 | - | - | 2E | 41 |
C-B-1000 | 528 | 148 | - | - | 2E | 41 |
BM-700 | 682 | 192 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
BM-800 | 823 | 175 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
BM-900 | 1115 | 188 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
BM-1000 | 1241 | 179 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
KBM-700 | 1129 | 230 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
KBM-800 | 1059 | 225 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
KBM-900 | 959 | 176 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
KBM-1000 | 909 | 154 | - | - | 3E | 42 |
MPC-950 | 1455 | 471 | - | - | 3E | 43 |
MPC-850 | 746 | 437 | - | - | 3E | 43 |
MPC-750 | 589 | 401 | - | - | 3E | 43 |
MPC-650 | 518 | 377 | - | - | 3E | 43 |
S800 | 774 | 418 | - | - | 3E | 44 |
S800 | 774 | 73 | - | - | 3E | 45 |
S900 | 828 | 318 | - | - | 3E | 45 |
S1000 | 903 | 284 | - | - | 3E | 45 |
CNFs | 1725 | 280 | - | - | 3E | 46 |
NPC800 | 562 | 269.3 | - | - | 3E | 47 |
NPC1000 | 546 | 164.3 | - | - | 3E | 47 |
ZBDh-D10-900 | 1490 | ~80 | - | - | 2E | 48 |
ZBDt-M10-900 | 1230 | ~80 | - | - | 2E | 48 |
HPC | 1391 | 166 | - | - | 3E | 87 |
HPCs-0 | 1796 | 185 | - | - | 3E | 87 |
MC-Zn | 420 | 121.3 | - | - | 3E | 88 |
PC-Zn | 1558 | 138 | - | - | 3E | 89 |
MOF-DC | 2714 | - | ~20 | - | 2E | 90 |
CMOF-5 | 2489 | 206 | - | - | 3E | 112 |
C-MOF | 1117 | 225 | - | - | 3E | 113 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1000 | 3405 | 188 | - | - | 2E | 49 |
Z-900 | 1075 | 214 | - | - | 3E | 50 |
AS-ZC-800 | 2972 | 251 | - | - | 2E | 51 |
NMCs | 2737 | 307 | - | - | 3E | 52 |
C-ZIF-8 | 745 | 181 | - | - | 3E | 53 |
NPC | 1523 | 251 | 10.86 | 2281 | 3E/2E | 54 |
Carbon-ZS | 934 | 285.8 | - | - | 3E | 55 |
NPC | 1873 | 21.0 | ~6.6 a | - | 2E | 56 |
3D hybrid-porous carbon | 1057 | 332 | - | - | 3E | 57 |
S-900 | 1823 | 219 | 14.64 | - | 3E/2E | 58 |
HPCNFs-N | 418 | 307.2 | 10.96 | 25,000 | 2E | 59 |
NPCF | 315 | 332 | - | - | 3E | 60 |
NHCF-66.7%ZIF-8 | 560 | 302 | - | - | 3E | 61 |
3D-BN-CNF-ZF900 | 352 | 295 | - | - | 3E | 62 |
N-NFC-8 | 277 | 387.3 | 7.9 | - | 3E/2E | 63 |
NMCS-8 | 1937 | 232 | - | - | 3E | 64 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CZIF68 | 472 | 54 | - | - | 3E | 65 |
CZIF69 | 586 | 37 | - | - | 3E | 65 |
CZIF68a | 1861 | 112 | - | - | 3E | 65 |
CZIF69a | 2264 | 168 | - | - | 3E | 65 |
Carbon-L-750 | 455 | 127.6 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-L-850 | 686 | 200.72 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-L-950 | 783 | 228.1 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-L-1000 | 799 | 135.4 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-G-950 | 640 | 238 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-F-950 | 566 | 100.9 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-E-950 | 515 | 152 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Carbon-Z-950 | 406 | 202 | - | - | 3E | 66 |
Z950 | 76 | 210 | 41.3 | 3600 | 2E | 67 |
N-PCMPs | 895 | 180 | - | - | 3E | 68 |
N-PCMPs-A | 2188 | 307 | - | - | 3E | 68 |
UT-CNSs | 1535 | 347 | - | - | 3E | 69 |
NNPC-700 | 736 | 158 | - | - | 3E | 70 |
NNPC-800 | 942 | 272 | 5.36 | ~1000 | 3E/2E | 70 |
NNPC-900 | 1018 | 225 | - | - | 3E | 70 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MIL-C | 1328 | 145 | - | - | 2E | 71 |
MIL-C-0.5 | 1699 | 143 | - | - | 2E | 71 |
MIL-C-1 | 2116 | 180 | - | - | 2E | 71 |
MIL-C-2 | 1397 | 185 | - | - | 2E | 71 |
CNs | 415 | 119 | 4.3 | 2068 | 3E/2E | 72 |
PC-bib | 224 | 107 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
PC-bbib | 56 | 63 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
PC-bibp | 165 | 93 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
PC-bbibp | 18 | 48 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
APC-bib | 1290 | 164 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
APC-bbib | 997 | 121 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
APC-bibp | 1269 | 127 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
APC-bbibp | 622 | 115 | - | - | 3E | 73 |
PC-me | 23 | 32 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
PC-eth | 51 | 54 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
PC-ipr | 10 | 7 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
PC-dmf | 122 | 92 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
PC-nmp | 96 | 76 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
APC-me | 1143 | 106 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
APC-eth | 1312 | 103 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
APC-ipr | 1074 | 85 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
APC-dmf | 1408 | 156 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
APC-nmp | 1337 | 105 | - | - | 3E | 74 |
NPC-800 | 943 | 238 | 19.6 | 22,900 | 3E/2E | 75 |
NPC-600 | 286 | 114 | - | - | 3E | 76 |
NPC-750 | 440 | 110 | - | - | 3E | 76 |
NPC-900 | 553 | 149 | - | - | 3E | 76 |
APC | 2491 | 260.5 | 18.38 | 6881 | 3E/2E | 77 |
C-S700 | 817 | 182 | - | - | 3E | 78 |
C-S900 | 704 | 156 | - | - | 3E | 78 |
C-Cl700 | 311 | 117 | - | - | 3E | 78 |
C-Cl900 | 199 | 70 | - | - | 3E | 78 |
HCPs | 1147 | 214 | - | - | 2E | 79 |
NPS-800 | 1192 | 1636 | 89.73 | - | 2E | 80 |
CP-II | 768 | 121 | - | - | 3E | 81 |
CP-III | 732 | 127 | - | - | 3E | 81 |
PGC-900 | 1148 | 217 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
NPGC-1-900 | 1116 | 254 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
NPGC-2-900 | 1027 | 293 | 47.5 | ~30,000 | 3E/2E | 82 |
NPGC-3-900 | 993 | 284 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
NPGC-2-1000 | 579 | 184 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
NPGC-2-800 | 649 | 167 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
AC-2-900 | 1002 | 205 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
GC-2-900 | 196 | 49 | - | - | 3E | 82 |
N-C-450 | - | 42 | - | - | 3E | 83 |
N-C-550 | - | 229.9 | - | - | 3E | 83 |
N-C-650 | - | 223.7 | - | - | 3E | 83 |
NC0.9 | 603 | 296 | - | - | 3E | 84 |
NC1.1 | 773 | 426 | - | - | 3E | 84 |
NC1.35 | 786 | 425 | - | - | 3E | 84 |
NC2.0 | 534 | 210 | - | - | 3E | 84 |
NC2.7 | 393 | 186 | - | - | 3E | 84 |
UCN-10-550 | 367 | 125 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
UCN-20-550 | 1084 | 210 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
UCN-30-550 | 1034 | 175 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
UCN-40-550 | 837 | 140 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
UCN-20-650 | 931 | 165 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
UCN-20-750 | 843 | 256 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
UCN-20-850 | 426 | 128 | - | - | 3E | 85 |
WMC | 2587 | 344 | - | - | 3E | 86 |
HPCs-0.1 | 2137 | 215 | - | - | 3E | 87 |
HPCs-0.4 | 2857 | 241 | - | - | 3E | 87 |
MC-Cu | 50 | 142.3 | - | - | 3E | 88 |
MC-Al | 1103 | 232.8 | - | - | 3E | 88 |
PC-Cd | 1430 | 126 | - | - | 3E | 89 |
GC-Ni | 151 | 43 | - | - | 3E | 89 |
GC-Co | 118 | 42 | - | - | 3E | 89 |
GC-Mn | 232 | 60 | - | - | 3E | 89 |
C-Cu | 86 | 26 | - | - | 3E | 89 |
CC@NC | - | 321.9 | - | - | 3E | 95 |
TM-NPCs | 998 | 330 | - | - | 3E | 97 |
C2-700 | - | 186 | - | - | 3E | 138 |
C-300 | 145 | 207 | - | - | 3E | 180 |
NPC | 1757 | 272 | - | - | 3E | 182 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MOF-DC//Li4Ti5O12 | 2714//- | - | ~65 | ~10,000 | 90 |
WO3/C//MOF-NC | 127//1474 | 184.3 | 159.97 | 1736 | 91 |
CNT@NiO//PCPs | -//1980 | 72 | 25.4 | 16,000 | 92 |
Mn2O3@NF//MC | 76//365 | 317.5 | 112.82 | ~2000 | 93 |
Zn-Co-O@CC//NPC@CC | 90//- | 210 | 117.92 | 13,520 | 94 |
Ni-Co-O@CFP//NPC@CFP | 119//332 | 201 | 69 | - | 95 |
CC@Co3O4//CC@NC | -//- | ~116.8 | 41.5 | 49,200 | 96 |
CC@NiCo2O4//CC@NC | 12//- | ~89.7 | 31.9 | 22,900 | 97 |
TM-nanorods//TM-NPCs | 477//998 | 161 | 47.1 | 17,104 | 98 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C800MOF | 140 | 886 | 25 | 11,250 | 3E | 99 |
CNT | 400 | 272 a | 0.0544 b | 5.988 c | 2E | 100 |
HP-Ni@C-N | 111 | 912 | - | - | 3E | 101 |
CNRod700 | 373 | 67 | - | - | 3E | 102 |
CNRod800 | 367 | 127 | 4.4 | - | 3E | 102 |
CNRod900 | 375 | 98 | - | - | 3E | 102 |
Ni/P/N/C-500 | 22 | 2887.87 | - | - | 3E | 103 |
Ni/P/N/C-600 | 27 | 1699.3 | - | - | 3E | 103 |
Ni/P/N/C-700 | 35 | 1901.9 | - | - | 3E | 103 |
Ni/P/N/C-800 | 247 | 402 | - | - | 3E | 103 |
Metallic cobalt/carbon | 236 | 144.5 | - | - | 3E | 104 |
Ni foam/cobalt/carbon | - | 512.0 | - | - | 3E | 105 |
LIMDG | 440 | 1.36 a | 0.14 b | 580 c | 2E | 106 |
Co(CO2)2Pz 700 AL | 320 | 330 | 9.1 | 7000 | 3E/2E | 107 |
Co(CO2)2Pz 900 AL | 394 | 430 | - | - | 3E | 107 |
CNS-800 | 770 | 156 | - | - | 2E | 108 |
NC-800 | 84 | 1069 | - | - | 3E | 109 |
Ni-Co@carbon | 238 | 236 | - | - | 3E | 110 |
Co@carbon | - | 50 | - | - | 3E | 110 |
Nanoporous carbon | 350 | 272 | 7.1 | - | 3E/2E | 111 |
Ni/N-doped PC-500 | 112 | 2002.6 | - | - | 3E | 112 |
GC | 496 | 119 | - | - | 3E | 141 |
Au@NC800 | 954 | 171.7 | - | - | 3E | 170 |
Co@Carbon | 110 | 109 | 1.83 | 3500 | 3E/2E | 182 |
Co/C | 216 | 146 | - | - | 3E | 200 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rGO/CMOF-5 | 2040 | 312 | 17.2 | 5200 | 3E/2E | 113 |
C-GMOF | 979 | 345 | 30.3 | 11,900 | 3E/2E | 114 |
C-GZ-2 | 353 | 238 | - | - | 2E | 115 |
NPC/G | 703 | 235 | - | - | 3E | 116 |
GNPC | - | 144 | - | - | 3E | 117 |
HPNCs/rGO-800 | 710 | 298 | 18.0 | 12,000 | 3E/2E | 118 |
ZIF-8/GO (1ǀ700) | 1201 | 181 | - | - | 3E | 119 |
ZIF-8/GO (1ǀ800) | 1304 | 246 | - | - | 3E | 119 |
ZIF-8/GO (1ǀ900) | 1303 | 81 | - | - | 3E | 119 |
NCGs-600 | 204 | 143 | - | - | 3E | 120 |
NCGs-700 | 773 | 174 | - | - | 3E | 120 |
NCGs-800 | 816 | 225 | 12.7 | 15,126 | 3E/2E | 120 |
ZC@G-40 | 1091 | 77 | - | - | 2E | 121 |
HC-40-4 | 2837 | 206 | 87.5 | 43,750 | 2E | 121 |
NC/rGO-1 | 400 | 188 | - | - | 2E | 122 |
NC/rGO-2 | 489 | 280 | 19.45 | ~10,000 | 2E | 122 |
NC/rGO-3 | 290 | 184 | - | - | 2E | 122 |
C(ZIF8)@GQDs | 668 | 159.6 | - | - | 3E | 123 |
hCNT/PCP | 898 | ~130 | - | - | 2E | 124 |
C-ZIF-8@MWCNT | 569 | 326 | - | - | 3E | 125 |
CNTs/NCP | 898 | 308 | 12.0 | ~7000 | 3E/2E | 126 |
MWCNT/NPC-S | 643 | 198.6 | - | - | 3E | 127 |
MWCNT/NPC-M | 885 | 229 | - | - | 3E | 127 |
MWCNT/NPC-L | 928 | 302.2 | 12.65 | 2257.2 | 3E/2E | 127 |
CNCF-5/1 | 468 | 243 | - | - | 3E | 128 |
CNCF-10/1 | 645 | 340 | 26.6 | 5000 | 3E/2E | 128 |
CNCF-15/1 | 600 | 270 | - | - | 3E | 128 |
CNT@CZIF-1 | 264 | 168 | - | - | 3E | 129 |
CNT@CZIF-2 | 287 | 324 | - | - | 3E | 129 |
CTAs@NCBs-700(T) | - | 244 | - | - | 3E | 130 |
ZM-C-800 | 558 | 376.2 | 16.4 | 4985 | 3E/2E | 131 |
g-CN/NCPPs0.1 | 454 | 495 | 11.89 | - | 3E/2E | 132 |
GCNP-800 | 920 | 426 | 59.40 | 4560 | 3E/2E | 133 |
PC1000@C | 1116 | 225 | - | - | 3E | 134 |
NHCSF-1 | 585 | 198.5 | - | - | 3E | 135 |
NHCSF-2 | 679 | 208.2 | - | - | 3E | 135 |
NHCSF-3 | 816 | 253.6 | 13.33 | ~8000 | 3E/2E | 135 |
NHCSF-4 | 667 | 219.5 | - | - | 3E | 135 |
N-GQD@cZIF-8/CNT | 520 | 541 | 18.75 | 2175 | 3E/2E | 136 |
PMC | - | 180.4 | - | - | 3E | 177 |
AQ-NPCs | 268 | 373 | - | - | 3E | 180 |
TN-NPCs | 356 | 392 | - | - | 3E | 180 |
N-doped carbon/CNTs | 600 | 250 | - | - | 3E | 201 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C/NG-A | 814 | 421 | 33.89 | 25,000 | 3E/2E | 137 |
HPCF1 | 330 | 177.4 | - | - | 3E | 138 |
HPCF2 | 449 | 249.4 | - | - | 3E | 138 |
HPCF3 | 525 | 356.1 | - | - | 3E | 138 |
HPCF4 | 620 | 381.2 | ~10 | ~5000 | 3E/2E | 138 |
HPCF5 | 569 | 323.7 | - | - | 3E | 138 |
C-600 | 1094 | 252 | - | - | 3E | 139 |
C-700 | 1563 | 302 | - | - | 3E | 139 |
C-800 | 1446 | 265 | - | - | 3E | 139 |
C-900 | 1354 | 223 | - | - | 3E | 139 |
GA@CZIF-67-E | 207 | 53 | - | - | 2E | 140 |
NC@GC(0.05) | 1276 | 270 | - | - | 3E | 141 |
NC@GC(0.15) | - | 255 | - | - | 3E | 141 |
NC@GC(0.35) | 813 | 149 | - | - | 3E | 141 |
NC@GC(0.5) | - | 136 | - | - | 3E | 141 |
Co/Zn NPC | 415 | 286 | - | - | 3E | 142 |
HZ-NPC | 298 | 171 | - | - | 3E | 174 |
CNT@NC | - | 278.8 | - | - | 3E | 179 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CeO2@C(RT) | 384 | 895 | - | - | 3E | 143 |
CeO2@C(ST) | 53 | 1102 | - | - | 3E | 143 |
Co3O4/C NAs | - | 776.5 | 8.54 | - | 3E/2E | 144 |
Co3O4/NC-90-15 | 74 | 1.22 a | - | - | 3E | 145 |
NC600 | 310 | 57 | - | - | 3E | 146 |
NC600AT | 764 | 98 | - | - | 3E | 146 |
NC900 | 115 | 88 | - | - | 3E | 146 |
NC900AT | 272 | 67 | - | - | 3E | 146 |
Cu-Cu2O-CuO/C 700 | - | 782 | - | - | 3E | 147 |
Cu-Cu2O-CuO/C 800 | - | 773 | - | - | 3E | 147 |
Fe3O4/carbon | 38 | 162 | - | - | 3E | 148 |
MOFC-300 | - | 232 | - | - | 3E | 149 |
MOFC-400 | - | 520 | - | - | 3E | 149 |
MOFC-500 | - | 109 | - | - | 3E | 149 |
MOFC-600 | 72 | 972 | - | - | 3E | 149 |
MOFC-700 | - | 381 | - | - | 3E | 149 |
NC/Mn3O4-1 | - | 136 | - | - | 3E | 150 |
MoO2@Cu@C | 183 | 28.56 b | 2.58 | 790.38 | 3E/2E | 151 |
RuO2/PCs-1 | - | 444.4 | - | - | 3E | 152 |
RuO2/PCs-2 | - | 481.4 | - | - | 3E | 152 |
RuO2/PCs-3 | 198 | 539.6 | 23.38 | 12,000 | 3E/2E | 152 |
RuO2/PCs-4 | - | 493.3 | - | - | 3E | 152 |
ZnO/C | 140 | 394 | - | - | 3E | 153 |
(Co0.94Fe0.06)3O4@CON | - | 161 | - | - | 3E | 154 |
ZMCN | 143 | 589 | - | - | 3E | 155 |
BMM-9-800 | - | 159.4 | - | - | 3E | 156 |
BMM-9-900 | - | 263.2 | - | - | 3E | 156 |
BMM-9-1000 | - | 159.5 | - | - | 3E | 156 |
M/MO@C-700 | 242 | 894 | - | - | 3E | 157 |
ZnO@C@NiCo2O4 NRSA | - | 2650 | - | - | 3E | 158 |
Co3O4/C | 273 | 793 | - | - | 3E | 172 |
CuOx@mC700 | - | 93.3 | - | - | 3E | 178 |
C/CoO-200 | 5 | 1052 | - | - | 3E | 181 |
Co3O4@Carbon | 24 | 261 | 0.97 | 6000 | 3E/2E | 182 |
MOXC-700 | 181 | 600 | - | - | 3E | 183 |
S-α-Fe2O3@C | 117 | 1538 | - | - | 3E | 184 |
MnOx-CSs-600 | 182 | 220 | - | - | 3E | 186 |
MnOx-CSs-800 | 61 | 130 | - | - | 3E | 186 |
MNCMn-60 | 906 | 163 | - | - | 3E | 187 |
Mn2O3/C | 22 | 776 | - | - | 3E | 188 |
NiCo2O4-NC | 126 | 310 | - | - | 3E | 191 |
Cr2O3/C | 60 | 426 | - | - | 3E | 192 |
FexOy/C | 68 | 114 | - | - | 3E | 192 |
ZnO QDs/carbon | - | 85.4 | - | - | 3E | 201 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | System | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CoSNC | - | 360.1 | - | - | 3E | 159 |
(o)-CoS2@CNT | 28 | 155 | - | - | 3E | 160 |
(m)-CoS2@CNT | 8 | 422 | - | - | 3E | 160 |
(p)-CoS2@CNT | 18 | 839 | - | - | 3E | 160 |
Co9S8@SNCC | 212 | 429 | - | - | 3E | 161 |
Co9S8@SNCB | 88 | 320 | - | - | 3E | 161 |
Cu1.96S/C-650 | 140 | 200 | - | - | 3E | 162 |
Cu7S4/C | - | 321.9 | - | - | 3E | 163 |
PCM-900 | 448 | 99.0 | 13.7 | - | 3E | 164 |
MoS2@MPC | - | 189 | - | - | 3E | 165 |
Cu2S@C | 62 | 42 | - | - | 3E | 166 |
Co9S8@C | 202 | 227 | - | - | 3E | 166 |
NiS2@C | 349 | 833 | - | - | 3E | 166 |
ZMP-0.04 | - | 500 | - | - | 3E | 167 |
S3 | - | 1100 | 21 | - | 3E/2E | 168 |
3CPC | - | 755 | - | - | 3E | 169 |
NC800-PEDOT | 1186 | 217.7 | - | - | 3E | 170 |
ZIF-8-C@NiAl LDH | 383 | 1403 | - | - | 3E | 171 |
Co3O4/C@MoS2-10 | - | 902 | - | - | 3E | 172 |
Co3O4/C@MoS2-20 | 257 | 1096 | - | - | 3E | 172 |
Co3O4/C@MoS2-30 | - | 713 | - | - | 3E | 172 |
Ni(OH)2-MnO2/C | - | 862.0 | 22.1 | 8500.0 | 3E | 173 |
HZ-NPFC/250-2 | 223 | 323 | - | - | 3E | 174 |
HZ-NPFC/250-5 | 202 | 545 | - | - | 3E | 174 |
HKUST-1@TS-800 | - | 1812 a | - | - | 3E | 175 |
MCG-1 | - | 212 | - | - | 3E | 176 |
MCG-2 | 326 | 456 | - | - | 3E | 176 |
MCG-3 | - | 301 | - | - | 3E | 176 |
PMCP | - | 468.6 | - | - | 3E | 177 |
CuOx@mC300@PANI | - | 381.6 | - | - | 3E | 178 |
CuOx@mC500@PANI | - | 413.2 | - | - | 3E | 178 |
CuOx@mC700@PANI | - | 509.5 | - | - | 3E | 178 |
CuOx@mC900@PANI | - | 319.8 | - | - | 3E | 178 |
CuOx@mC700@PANI@rGO | - | 569.4 | - | - | 3E | 178 |
CoNi@SNC | 224 | 1970 | - | - | 3E | 193 |
Co9S8/NS-C-1.5 h | 66 | 734.09 | 25.49 | 2840.9 | 3E | 194 |
Co9S8@C-500 | 63 | 1887 | - | - | 3E | 195 |
Co9S8@C-600 | 37 | 1672 | - | - | 3E | 195 |
Ni-Co-S@G | 43 | 1463 | - | - | 3E | 196 |
CC/CNWAs@Ni@CoNi2S4 | - | 3163 | - | - | 3E | 198 |
MnS/MoS2/C | 8 | 1162 | - | - | 3E | 199 |
MnS/MoS2/MoO3/C | - | 495 | - | - | 3E | 199 |
Ni(OH)2@Co/C | - | 952 | - | - | 3E | 200 |
ZnO QDs/carbon/CNTs | 435 | 185 | - | - | 3E | 201 |
C/LDH/S | 116 | 1653 | - | - | 3E | 203 |
Samples | SBET (m2 g−1) | Cmax (F g−1) | Emax (W h kg−1) | Pmax (W kg−1) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CNT@NiCo-LDH//CNT@NC | -//- | 119.8 | 37.4 | - | 179 |
TN-NPCs//AQ-NPCs | 356//268 | 86 | 23.5 | ~20,000 | 180 |
C/CoO-200//C-300 | 5//145 | 92 | 25.04 | 7000 | 181 |
Co@Carbon//Co3O4@Carbon | 110//24 | 28.2 | 8.8 | 3000 | 182 |
AC//Co-ZIF-450 | -//- | 4 a | 1.32 b | 376 c | 183 |
MOXC-700//NPC | 181//1757 | 170 | 17.496 | - | 184 |
S-α-Fe2O3@C//Na-MnO2 NSs | 117//- | 201.3 d | 135.3 e | 21,998.4 f | 185 |
CF@NiCo-A-S//FexOy@CNS | -//- | 16.8 g | 48.2 | 8300.0 | 186 |
MnOx-CSs-600//AC | 182//- | 61.1 | 27.5 | 5400 | 187 |
MNCMn60//MNC950 | 906//920 | - | 76.02 | 22,000 | 188 |
AC//Mn2O3/C | -//22 | 166 | 54.9 | 22,680 | 189 |
MnO2@C-NS//NPCS | 45//1292 | ~124 | 166 | 3900 | 190 |
NQD-NC//AC | 268//- | - | 76.9 | 11,250 | 191 |
NiCo2O4-NC//NC | 126//1823 | 89 | 28 | 8500 | 192 |
Cr2O3/C//FexOy/C | 60//68 | 27.2 | 9.6 | 8000 | 193 |
CoNi@SNC//AC | 224//- | 156.7 | 55.7 | - | 194 |
Co9S8/NS-C-1.5 h//AC | 66//- | 75.59 | 14.85 | 6818.18 | 195 |
Co9S8@C-500//AC | 63//- | 166 | 58 | 17,200 | 196 |
Ni-Co-S@G//AC | 43//- | 217.8 | 51.0 | 11,700 | 197 |
Ni-Co-S-0.5/NC//AC | 10//- | 111.2 | 39.6 | 7910 | 198 |
CC/CNWAs@Ni@CoNi2S4//AC | -//- | 151.3 | 53.8 | - | 199 |
NiCo2S4-Ni9S8-C DYMs//rGO gel | 62//- | 143.5 | 51.0 | 8004.4 | 200 |
MnS/MoS2/C//AC | 8//- | 93 | 31.0 | 7722.2 | 201 |
Ni(OH)2@Co/C//AC | -//- | 73.8 | 33.6 | ~2000 | 202 |
ZnO QDs/carbon/CNTs//N-doped carbon/CNTs | 435//600 | 59 | 23.6 | 16,900 | 203 |
ZnO@C@CoNi-LDH//Fe2O3@C | -//- | - | 1.078 b | 0.4 h | 204 |
C/LDH/S//CNTs | 116//- | 194 | 39 | 7400 | 205 |
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Kim, H.-C.; Huh, S. Porous Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Directly Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks. Materials 2020, 13, 4215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184215
Kim H-C, Huh S. Porous Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Directly Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks. Materials. 2020; 13(18):4215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184215
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Hyun-Chul, and Seong Huh. 2020. "Porous Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Directly Derived from Metal–Organic Frameworks" Materials 13, no. 18: 4215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184215