Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of Polyurethanes
2.3. Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Results (FTIR)
3.2. X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
3.3. Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA)
3.4. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
3.5. The UL-94 Vertical Burning Test and LOI Results
3.6. Cone Calorimeter (CC)
3.7. Hardness, Density and Tensile Properties
4. Conclusions
5. Patents
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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PU Materials | PTHF (wt%) | OP (wt%) | MDI (wt%) | BDO (wt%) | Phosphorus (wt%) | Molar Ratio MDI:polyol:BDO |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 55.59 | - | 36.58 | 7.83 | 0.00 | 1.00:0.38:0.60 |
FPU-8.5 | - | 50.81 | 41.36 | 7.83 | 8.63 | 1.00:0.45:0.53 |
FPU-9.0 | - | 53.34 | 39.73 | 6.93 | 9.07 | 1.00:0.50:0.49 |
FPU-9.5 | - | 55.87 | 38.15 | 5.98 | 9.50 | 1.00:0.54:0.44 |
PU Materials | HS (%) | SS (%) | R | DPS | DPM |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 44.41 | 55.59 | 1.48 | 0.60 | 0.40 |
FPU-8.5 | 49.19 | 50.81 | 2.03 | 0.70 | 0.30 |
FPU-9.0 | 46.66 | 53.34 | 1.79 | 0.64 | 0.36 |
FPU-9.5 | 44.13 | 55.87 | 1.74 | 0.64 | 0.36 |
PU Materials | tan δ | TgSS (°C) | E’SS (MPa) | E’23°C (MPa) | E’’ (MPa) | ∆T (°C) | S |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 0.26 | −21.2 | 394 | 93 | 176.6 | - | 13.48 |
FPU-8.5 | 0.24 | 25.1 | 624 | 719 | 248.3 | - | 15.74 |
FPU-9.0 | 0.33 | 30.5 | 471 | 927 | 248.3 | 11.46 | 17.00 |
FPU-9.5 | 0.39 | 38.4 | 354 | 1398 | 261.7 | 16.75 | 18.06 |
PU Materials | T5% (°C) | T50% (°C) | T70% (°C) | TOP max (°C) | THS max (°C) | TSS max (°C) | Y (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 304.7 | 319.7 | 424.7 | - | 319.7 | 422.3 | 7.28 |
FPU-8.5 | 218.4 | 285.7 | 393.2 | 246.3 | 293.4 | 310.4 | 23.91 |
FPU-9.0 | 220.6 | 288.8 | 408.2 | 246.3 | 294.2 | 308.4 | 24.94 |
FPU-9.5 | 212.7 | 297.8 | 513.3 | 246.6 | 329.5 | 358.7 | 24.37 |
PU Materials | T5% (°C) | T50% (°C) | T70% (°C) | T1 max (°C) | T2 max (°C) | T3 max (°C) | T4 max (°C) | T5 max (°C) | T6 max (°C) | T7 max (°C) | Y (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 307.3 | 397.3 | 464.8 | 317.3 | 334.8 | 347.3 | 367.3 | 382.3 | 409.8 | 502.3 | 0.00 |
FPU-8.5 | 216.6 | 448.4 | 628.4 | 243.3 | 306.4 | 451.3 | - | - | - | - | 25.16 |
FPU-9.0 | 217.7 | 449.9 | 640.7 | 242.6 | 317.5 | 458.8 | - | - | - | - | 26.92 |
FPU-9.5 | 217.2 | 459.2 | 665.7 | 245.2 | 316.5 | 476.9 | - | - | - | - | 30.14 |
PU Materials | Rating | Char Formation | The Burning Time of the Material after Removing the Fire Source | Dripping | LOI (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I Flame Application | II Flame Application | |||||
REF | V-2 | no | 5 s | 2 s | yes | 22.4 |
FPU-8.5 | V-0 | yes | 1 s | 1 s | no | 25.4 |
FPU-9.0 | V-0 | yes | 1 s | 1 s | no | 25.4 |
FPU-9.5 | V-0 | yes | 1 s | 1 s | no | 25.2 |
PU Materials | TTI (s) | pHRR (kW/m2) | FSR (kW/(m2s)) | THR (MJ/m2) | MAHRE (kW/m2) | pMLR (g/s) | TTF (s) | TOC (g) | EHC (MJ/kg) | pSPR (m2/s) | R (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 24 | 2232 | 93.0 | 132.2 | 677.9 | 0.72 | 591 | 100.2 | 20.74 | 0.22 | 0.0 |
FPU-8.5 | 16 | 648 | 40.5 | 73.8 | 433.7 | 0.55 | 244 | 56.3 | 14.01 | 0.31 | 26.9 |
FPU-9.0 | 15 | 664 | 44.3 | 52.0 | 454.1 | 0.42 | 186 | 39.9 | 14.13 | 0.29 | 20.7 |
FPU-9.5 | 19 | 643 | 33.8 | 47.5 | 402.6 | 0.47 | 154 | 36.3 | 12.99 | 0.40 | 27.9 |
PU Materials | Rm (MPa) | ε (%) | εt (%) | H (ShD) | ρ (g/cm3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF | 36.7 ± 1.7 | 720 ± 5 | 28.1 ± 0.6 | 37.9 ± 3.2 | 1.1243 ± 0.0003 |
FPU-8.5 | 16.3 ± 1.8 | 57 ± 2 | 18.7 ± 3.7 | 52.3 ± 5.7 | 1.3267 ± 0.0006 |
FPU-9.0 | 19.6 ± 2.2 | 63 ± 6 | 24.0 ± 3.4 | 53.8 ± 5.5 | 1.3336 ± 0.0003 |
FPU-9.5 | 17.6 ± 0.6 | 73 ± 1 | 31.6 ± 3.6 | 45.7 ± 5.7 | 1.3342 ± 0.0003 |
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Zagożdżon, I.; Parcheta, P.; Datta, J. Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors. Materials 2021, 14, 2699. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112699
Zagożdżon I, Parcheta P, Datta J. Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors. Materials. 2021; 14(11):2699. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112699
Chicago/Turabian StyleZagożdżon, Izabela, Paulina Parcheta, and Janusz Datta. 2021. "Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors" Materials 14, no. 11: 2699. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112699