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Article

Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools

Department Technology and Automation, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 21, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
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Materials 2021, 14(11), 2913; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913
Submission received: 9 May 2021 / Revised: 21 May 2021 / Accepted: 24 May 2021 / Published: 28 May 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Machining and Manufacturing of Alloys and Steels)

Abstract

Classic methods of machining cylindrical gears, such as hobbing or circumferential chiseling, require the use of expensive special machine tools and dedicated tools, which makes production unprofitable, especially in small and medium series. Today, special attention is paid to the technology of making gears using universal CNC (computer numerical control) machine tools with standard cheap tools. On the basis of the presented mathematical model, a software was developed to generate a code that controls a machine tool for machining cylindrical gears with straight and modified tooth line using the multipass method. Made of steel 16MnCr5, gear wheels with a straight tooth line and with a longitudinally modified convex-convex tooth line were machined on a five-axis CNC milling machine DMG MORI CMX50U, using solid carbide milling cutters (cylindrical and ball end) for processing. The manufactured gears were inspected on a ZEISS coordinate measuring machine, using the software Gear Pro Involute. The conformity of the outline, the tooth line, and the gear pitch were assessed. The side surfaces of the teeth after machining according to the planned strategy were also assessed; the tests were carried out using the optical microscope Alicona Infinite Focus G5 and the contact profilographometer Taylor Hobson, Talysurf 120. The presented method is able to provide a very good quality of machined gears in relation to competing methods. The great advantage of this method is the use of a tool that is not geometrically related to the shape of the machined gear profile, which allows the production of cylindrical gears with a tooth and profile line other than the standard.
Keywords: CNC machining; involute; multipass method; outline; roughness; spur gear; surface integrity parameters CNC machining; involute; multipass method; outline; roughness; spur gear; surface integrity parameters
Graphical Abstract

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gołębski, R.; Boral, P. Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools. Materials 2021, 14, 2913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913

AMA Style

Gołębski R, Boral P. Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools. Materials. 2021; 14(11):2913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gołębski, Rafał, and Piotr Boral. 2021. "Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools" Materials 14, no. 11: 2913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913

APA Style

Gołębski, R., & Boral, P. (2021). Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools. Materials, 14(11), 2913. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913

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