Pectin as Rheology Modifier of a Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Ink
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of GELPect Slurries and GELPectG Microporous Sponges
2.3. Physical Characterization of GELPectG and Microporous Sponges
2.4. Biological Characterization of GELPectG Microporous Sponges
2.5. Preparation and Rheological Investigation of GELPectG Biomaterial Inks
2.6. Extrusion-Based 3D Bioprinting of GELPectG Biomaterial Inks
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Preparation of GELPect Slurries
3.2. Physical Characterization of GELPectG Microporous Sponges
3.3. Biological Characterization of GELPectG Sponges
3.4. Extrusion-Based Bioprinting of GELPectG Biomaterial Inks
3.4.1. Preparation of GELPectG Biomaterial Inks and Rheological Investigation
3.4.2. Bioprinting Assessment of GELPectG Biomaterial Inks
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gelatin (% w/v) | Pectin (% w/v) | Name without GPTMS/Name with GPTMS |
---|---|---|
5 | 0 | GEL/GELG |
5 | 0.5 | GELPect1/GELPect1G |
5 | 1 | GELPect2/GELPect2G |
5 | 2.5 | GELPect3/GELPect3G |
Bioprinting Parameters | GELG | GELPect1G | GELPect2G | GELPect3G |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time required to induce increase of viscosity before printing (h) | >24 | >10 | 8 | 5 |
Printing temperature (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
Type of tip | Straight | Straight | Straight | Straight |
Size of the tip (G) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
Layer height (µm) | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 |
Extrusion multiplier (%) a) | 320 | 380 | 400 | 440 |
Printing speed (mm/s) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
No GPTMS | With GPTMS | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameters | GEL | GELPect1 | GELPect2 | GELPect3 | GELG | GELPect1G | GELPect2G | GELPect3G |
Yield Stress (Pa) | 3.3 | 3.0 | 11.6 | 41.5 | - | 48.2 | 474.5 | 489.8 |
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Lapomarda, A.; Pulidori, E.; Cerqueni, G.; Chiesa, I.; De Blasi, M.; Geven, M.A.; Montemurro, F.; Duce, C.; Mattioli-Belmonte, M.; Tiné, M.R.; et al. Pectin as Rheology Modifier of a Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Ink. Materials 2021, 14, 3109. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14113109
Lapomarda A, Pulidori E, Cerqueni G, Chiesa I, De Blasi M, Geven MA, Montemurro F, Duce C, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Tiné MR, et al. Pectin as Rheology Modifier of a Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Ink. Materials. 2021; 14(11):3109. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14113109
Chicago/Turabian StyleLapomarda, Anna, Elena Pulidori, Giorgia Cerqueni, Irene Chiesa, Matteo De Blasi, Mike Alexander Geven, Francesca Montemurro, Celia Duce, Monica Mattioli-Belmonte, Maria Rosaria Tiné, and et al. 2021. "Pectin as Rheology Modifier of a Gelatin-Based Biomaterial Ink" Materials 14, no. 11: 3109. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14113109