PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus

Kawajiri, Yohei; Ikeda, Hiroshi; Nagamatsu, Yuki; Masaki, Chihiro; Hosokawa, Ryuji; Shimizu, Hiroshi

doi:10.3390/ma14051182

Open AccessArticle

PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus

by

Yohei Kawajiri

^1,2,

Hiroshi Ikeda

^2,*

,

Yuki Nagamatsu

²,

Chihiro Masaki

¹,

Ryuji Hosokawa

¹ and

Hiroshi Shimizu

²

¹

Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan

²

Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2021, 14(5), 1182; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051182

Submission received: 2 February 2021 / Revised: 25 February 2021 / Accepted: 26 February 2021 / Published: 3 March 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Oral Application)

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Abstract

Polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) composites are an increasingly popular dental restorative material that offer mechanical biocompatibility with human enamel. This study aimed to develop a novel PICN composite as a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) block for dental applications. Several PICN composites were prepared under varying conditions via the sintering of a green body prepared from a silica-containing precursor solution, followed by resin infiltration. The flexural strength of the PICN composite block (107.8–153.7 MPa) was similar to a commercial resin-based composite, while the Vickers hardness (204.8–299.2) and flexural modulus (13.0–22.2 GPa) were similar to human enamel and dentin, respectively. The shear bond strength and surface free energy of the composite were higher than those of the commercial resin composites. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis revealed that the microstructure of the composite consisted of a nanosized silica skeleton and infiltrated resin. The PICN nanocomposite block was successfully used to fabricate a dental crown and core via the CAD/CAM milling process.

Keywords: CAD/CAM; polymer infiltrated ceramic network; nanocomposite; silica; restorative material; dental material; biomimetics; dental core; dental crown; mechanical properties

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kawajiri, Y.; Ikeda, H.; Nagamatsu, Y.; Masaki, C.; Hosokawa, R.; Shimizu, H. PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus. Materials 2021, 14, 1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051182

AMA Style

Kawajiri Y, Ikeda H, Nagamatsu Y, Masaki C, Hosokawa R, Shimizu H. PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus. Materials. 2021; 14(5):1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051182

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kawajiri, Yohei, Hiroshi Ikeda, Yuki Nagamatsu, Chihiro Masaki, Ryuji Hosokawa, and Hiroshi Shimizu. 2021. "PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus" Materials 14, no. 5: 1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051182

APA Style

Kawajiri, Y., Ikeda, H., Nagamatsu, Y., Masaki, C., Hosokawa, R., & Shimizu, H. (2021). PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus. Materials, 14(5), 1182. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051182

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PICN Nanocomposite as Dental CAD/CAM Block Comparable to Human Tooth in Terms of Hardness and Flexural Modulus

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