Comparison of the Tribological Properties of the Thermal Diffusion Zinc Coating to the Classic and Heat Treated Hot-Dip Zinc Coatings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Metallographic Observations and Microhardness Distribution
3.2. Friction Coefficient Measurements
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The method of the base steel surface preparation affects the friction coefficient value, thickness and wear resistance of the TD zinc coating.
- (2)
- In the applied test conditions, the value of the friction coefficient of the TD coating varied within the range 0.20–0.39, with a coating thickness of 44.5 to 47.5 µm, respectively.
- (3)
- The measured friction coefficient values correspond well with the microhardness profile determined on the cross section of the TD coating and the weight loss trend of changes obtained during the “pin-on-disc” test. With increasing of the coating’s hardness, both the TD coating’s coefficient of friction and the weight loss are reduced.
- (4)
- The lower values of the friction coefficient were measured for samples with higher roughness of the base steel surface. The observed changes may be caused by the increase of the steel reactivity and in consequence extending the range of occurrence of the harder δ phase.
- (5)
- The changes in properties of compared coatings are due to the differentiation in the microstructure (verified by results of EDS analysis), caused by specific growth or diffusion conditions during individual coating formation. The TD coating was composed of δ (outer) and Г (inner) phases. The microstructure of a tested HD zinc coating was formed by phases η, ζ, δ and Г1, whereas in a HD zinc coating after heat treatment, only three phases occurred: ζ, δ and Г.
- (6)
- The TD coating (δ+Г) showed higher abrasion resistance (in comparison to HD UT coating—η+ζ+δ), which was expressed in a reduction in weight loss measured during the tribological test. In the conducted test the HD zinc coating weight loss was four times greater.
- (7)
- The abrasion resistance of the TD zinc coating (δ+Г) is similar to the HD HT coating (ζ+δ+Г)—the measured difference in the weight loss was a maximum of 0.004 g.
- (8)
- The hardness of the TD zinc coating reached the values of 325–385 HV 0.02 and was greater by 40–90 HV 0.02 than the values obtained for the HD HT zinc coating.
- (9)
- With the use of the proper method of the base steel surface preparation, it is possible to improve the tribological properties of the thermal diffusion zinc coating, decrease its wear and to adjust/change the coefficient of friction according to the requirements within the range of 0.20–0.39.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Phase | Iron Content, wt. % | Hardness | |
---|---|---|---|
HD Coating | TD Coating | ||
η–Zn | 0.03 [46] | 52 HV [16] 70 HB [23] | n.d. n.d. |
ζ–FeZn13 | 6 [43]; 6.17 [46]; 5–6 [16]; 5.9–7.1[47] | 208 HV [16] 220 HB [23] | n.d. n.d. |
δ–FeZn10 | 7–11.5 [16]; 7.87 [46] | 358HV [16] | n.d. |
δ–(FeZn11–FeZn6.67) | 8.1–13.2 [47] | n.d. | n.d. |
δ–FeZn7 | 7–10 [43]; 10.87 [46] | 270 HB [23] | 300 HB [23] |
Г1–Fe5Zn21 | 17–19.6 [16]; 16.90 [46] | 505 HV [16] | n.d. |
Г1–Fe11Zn40 | 19.02 [46] | n.d. | 350 HB [23] |
Г–Fe3Zn10 | 23.5–28 [16]; 20.40 [46] | 326 HV [23] | n.d. |
Г–(Fe5Zn21–Fe4Zn9) | 18–31 [47] | n.d. | 600 HB [23] |
Element | Distance from the Coating Surface, µm | |||||||
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 45 | |
Content of the Element, Wt% | ||||||||
Fe | 11.07 | 11.10 | 10.96 | 13.20 | 18.03 | 20.21 | 22.45 | 91.95 |
Zn | 88.93 | 88.90 | 89.04 | 86.80 | 81.97 | 79.26 | 77.55 | 1.13 |
Roughness (Sa), µm | |||||||
TD30 | TD60 | TD120 | TD240 | SB | T | HD | HDHT |
Before Galvanizing | |||||||
6.22 | 5.66 | 4.59 | 4.19 | 6.80 | 8.38 | 3.63 | 2.29 |
After Galvanizing | |||||||
2.50 | 2.81 | 2.60 | 2.44 | 2.84 | 3.35 | 2.94 | 3.43 |
Average Friction Coefficient Value of Zinc Coating, µ | |||||||
0.25 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.38 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.27 | 0.21 |
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Jędrzejczyk, D.; Skotnicki, W. Comparison of the Tribological Properties of the Thermal Diffusion Zinc Coating to the Classic and Heat Treated Hot-Dip Zinc Coatings. Materials 2021, 14, 1655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071655
Jędrzejczyk D, Skotnicki W. Comparison of the Tribological Properties of the Thermal Diffusion Zinc Coating to the Classic and Heat Treated Hot-Dip Zinc Coatings. Materials. 2021; 14(7):1655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071655
Chicago/Turabian StyleJędrzejczyk, Dariusz, and Wojciech Skotnicki. 2021. "Comparison of the Tribological Properties of the Thermal Diffusion Zinc Coating to the Classic and Heat Treated Hot-Dip Zinc Coatings" Materials 14, no. 7: 1655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071655