Modeling Progressive Damage and Failure of Single-Lap Thin-Ply-Laminated Composite-Bolted Joint Using LaRC Failure Criterion
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Numerical Model
2.1. Finite Element Models
2.2. In Situ Effect
2.3. Intralaminar Damage Initiation
- (1)
- Fiber tension criterion
- (2)
- Fiber kinking damage
- (3)
- Nonlinear shear
- (4)
- Matrix tensile failure
- (5)
- Matrix compression failure
2.4. Intralaminar Progressive Damage Model
- (1)
- Damage evolution criteria for tensile and compressive failure of the matrix
- (2)
- Damage evolution criterion of fiber tensile and kinking failure
- (3)
- Fiber and matrix degradation
2.5. Interlaminar Damage Model
3. Numerical Results and Discussion
3.1. Stress-Displacement Curve of Single-Lap Structure
3.2. Progressive Damage State of Single-Lap Structure
3.3. Analysis of Progressive Failure Mechanism of Single-Lap Structure
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Arteiro, A.; Furtado, C.; Catalanotti, G.; Linde, P.; Camanho, P.P. Thin-ply polymer composite materials: A review. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2020, 132, 105777. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Quintana, C.J.; Costa, J.; Mayugo, J.A. Fabrication of hybrid thin ply tapes. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018, 406, 012067. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kawabe, K.; Sasayama, H.; Tomoda, S. New Carbon Tow-Spread Technology and Applications to Advanced Composite Materials. SAMPE J. 2009, 45, 6–17. [Google Scholar]
- Ni, X.; Kopp, R.; Kalfon-Cohen, E.; Furtado, C.; Lee, J.; Arteiro, A. In situ synchrotron computed tomography study of nanoscale interlaminar reinforcement and thin-ply effects on damage progression in composite laminates. Compos. Part B Eng. 2021, 217, 108623. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Naderi, M.; Iyyer, N. Micromechanical analysis of damage mechanisms under tension of 0°–90° thin-ply composite laminates. Compos. Struct. 2020, 234, 111659. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Camanho, P.P.; Dávila, C.G.; Pinho, S.T.; Iannucci, L.; Robinson, P. Prediction of in situ strengths and matrix cracking in composites under transverse tension and in-plane shear. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2006, 37, 165–176. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Huang, C.; He, M.; He, Y.; Xiao, J.; Zhang, J.; Ju, S. Exploration relation between interlaminar shear properties of thin-ply laminates under short-beam bending and meso-structures. J. Compos. Mater. 2017, 52, 2375–2386. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arteiro, A.; Catalanotti, G.; Xavier, J.; Camanho, P.P. Notched response of non-crimp fabric thin-ply laminates: Analysis methods. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2013, 88, 165–171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Czél, G.; Rev, T.; Jalalvand, M.; Fotouhi, M.; Longana, M.L.; Nixon-Pearson, O.J. Pseudo-ductility and reduced notch sensitivity in multi-directional all-carbon/epoxy thin-ply hybrid composites. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2018, 104, 151–164. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Fuller, J.D.; Wisnom, M.R. Exploration of the potential for pseudo-ductility in thin ply CFRP angle-ply laminates via an analytical method. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2015, 112, 8–15. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Amacher, R.; Cugnoni, J.; Botsis, J.; Sorensen, L.; Smith, W.; Dransfeld, C. Thin ply composites: Experimental characterization and modeling of size-effects. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2014, 101, 121–132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Arteiro, A.; Catalanotti, G.; Xavier, J.; Linde, P.; Camanho, P.P. Effect of tow thickness on the structural response of aerospace-grade spread-tow fabrics. Compos. Struct. 2017, 179, 208–223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Cao, Y.J.; Cao, Z.Q.; Zhao, Y.; Zuo, D.Q.; Tay, T.E. Damage progression and failure of single-lap thin-ply laminated composite bolted joints under quasi-static loading. Int. J. Mech. Sci. 2020, 170, 105360. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, R.Y.; Soni, S.R. Experimental and Analytical Studies on the Onset of Delamination in Laminated Composites. J. Compos. Mater. 2016, 18, 70–80. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yokozeki, T.; Aoki, Y.; Ogasawara, T. Experimental characterization of strength and damage resistance properties of thin-ply carbon fiber/toughened epoxy laminates. Compos. Struct. 2008, 82, 382–389. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cao, Y.; Zuo, D.; Zhao, Y.; Cao, Z.; Zhi, J.; Zheng, G.; Tay, T.E. Experimental investigation on bearing behavior and failure mechanism of double-lap thin-ply composite bolted joints. Compos. Mater. 2021, 261, 113565. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, A.Y.; Wang, Z.Q.; Zhao, Y.; Chang, Z.P.; Shao, X.M.; Kang, Y.G. Fatigue behaviour and failure mechanism of the thin/thick-ply hybrid laminated composite bolted joints. Compos. Mater. 2022, 295, 115636. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hou, J.P.; Petrinic, N.; Ruiz, C. A delamination criterion for laminated composites under low-velocity impact. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2001, 61, 2069–2074. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pinho, S.T.; Iannucci, L.; Robinson, P. Physically-based failure models and criteria for laminated fibre-reinforced composites with emphasis on fibre kinking: Part I: Development. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2006, 37, 63–73. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Erçin, G.H.; Camanho, P.P.; Xavier, J.; Catalanotti, G.; Mahdi, S.; Linde, P. Size effects on the tensile and compressive failure of notched composite laminates. Compos. Struct. 2013, 96, 736–744. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maimí, P.; Camanho, P.P.; Mayugo, J.A.; Dávila, C.G. A continuum damage model for composite laminates: Part I—Constitutive model. Mech. Mater. 2007, 39, 897–908. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Puck, A.; Schürmann, H. Failure analysis of FRP laminates by means of physically based phenomenological models. Compos. Sci. Technol. 1998, 58, 1045–1067. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, D.; Cao, D.; Hu, H.; Zhong, Y.; Li, S. Numerical study on failure behavior of open-hole composite laminates based on LaRC criterion and extended finite element method. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 2021, 35, 1037–1047. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, D.; Zheng, X.; Wu, T. Damage characteristics of open-hole laminated composites subjected to longitudinal loads. Compos. Struct. 2019, 230, 111474. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Feraboli, P.; Wade, B.; Deleo, F.; Rassaian, M.; Higgins, M.; Byar, A. LS-DYNA MAT54 modeling of the axial crushing of a composite tape sinusoidal specimen. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2011, 42, 1809–1825. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pinho, S.T.; Iannucci, L.; Robinson, P. Physically based failure models and criteria for laminated fibre-reinforced composites with emphasis on fibre kinking. Part II: FE implementation. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2006, 37, 766–777. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Richard, R.M.; Blacklock, J.R. Finite element analysis of inelastic structures. AIAA J. 1969, 7, 432–438. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cao, D.; Duan, Q.; Hu, H.; Zhong, Y.; Li, S. Computational investigation of both intra-laminar matrix cracking and inter-laminar delamination of curved composite components with cohesive elements. Compos. Struct. 2018, 192, 300–309. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cao, D.; Hu, H.; Duan, Q.; Song, P.; Li, S. Experimental and three-dimensional numerical investigation of matrix cracking and delamination interaction with edge effect of curved composite laminates. Compos. Struct. 2019, 225, 111154. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, C.; Duodu, E.A.; Gu, J. Finite element modeling of damage development in cross-ply composite laminates subjected to low velocity impact. Compos. Struct. 2017, 173, 219–227. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mi, Y.; Crisfield, M.A.; Davies, G.A.O.; Hellweg, H.B. Progressive Delamination Using Interface Elements. J. Compos. Mater. 2016, 32, 1246–1272. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sihn, S.; Kim, R.; Kawabe, K.; Tsai, S. Experimental studies of thin-ply laminated composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2007, 67, 996–1008. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hu, J.; Zhang, K.; Yang, Q.; Cheng, H.; Liu, P.; Yang, Y. An experimental study on mechanical response of single-lap bolted CFRP composite interference-fit joints. Compos. Struct. 2018, 196, 76–88. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ireman, T.; Ranvik, T.; Eriksson, I. On damage development in mechanically fastened composite laminates. Compos. Struct. 2000, 49, 151–171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chang, W.K.; Francis, L.R.; Wu, S.Y.; Anthony, J.K.; Wang, C.H. Increasing crack growth resistance for through-thickness matrix cracking and its role in suppressing ply cracking in thin-ply laminates. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2022, 163, 107219. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cameron, C.J.; Larsson, J.; Loukil, M.S.; Murtagh, T.; Wennhage, P. Bearing strength performance of mixed thin/thick-ply, quasi-isotropic composite laminates. Compos. Struct. 2021, 261, 113312. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Aoki, R.; Higuchi, R.; Yokozeki, T.; Aoki, K.; Uchiyama, S.; Ogasawara, T. Effects of ply thickness and 0°-layer ratio on failure mechanism of open-hole and filled-hole tensile tests of thin-ply composite laminates. Compos. Struct. 2022, 280, 114926. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Galos, J. Thin-ply composite laminates: A review. Compos. Struct. 2020, 236, 111920. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kohler, S.; Cugnoni, J.; Amacher, R.; Botsis, J. Transverse cracking in the bulk and at the free edge of thin-ply composites: Experiments and multiscale modelling. Compos. Part A 2019, 124, 105468. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Takamoto, K.; Ogasawara, T.; Kodama, H.; Mikami, T.; Oshima, S.; Kazuyuki, A.; Higuchi, R.; Yokozeki, T. Experimental and numerical studies of the open-hole compressive strength of thin-ply CFRP laminates. Compos. Part A 2021, 145, 106365. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yamada, K.; Benedikt, K.; Nishikawa, M.; Fukudome, S.; Matsuda, N.; Kawabe, K.; Fiedler, B.; Masaki, H. Mechanical properties and failure mode of thin-ply fiber metal laminates under out-of-plane loading. Compos. Part A 2021, 143, 106267. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Material Type | Items | Value |
---|---|---|
T700/2510 solid element | Density (kg/m3) | ρ = 1520 |
Modulus (GPa) | E11 = 127, E22 = E33 = 8.41, G12 = G13 = 4.21, G23 = 3.4 | |
Poisson’s ratio | v12 = v13 = 0.309, v23 = 0.3 | |
Strength (MPa) | XT = 2200, XC = 1470, YT = 49, YC = 199, S = 150 | |
Breaking energy (N/mm) | Gf = 133, Gkink = 40, GIC = 0.227, GIIC = 0.788 | |
Cohesive element | Density (kg/m3) | ρ1 = 1520 |
Modulus (N/mm3) | K1 = KII = 6 × 104 | |
Strength (MPa) | N1 = 38.5, S1 = T1 = 48.5 | |
Breaking energy (N/mm) | GIC = 0.227, GIIC = 0.788 | |
TC21 | Density (kg/m3) | ρ2 = 4510 |
Modulus (GPa) | E2 = 110 | |
Strength (MPa) | N2 = 1100 |
Layer Type | Mathematical Expression |
---|---|
Embedded thick ply | |
Embedded thin ply | |
Outer surface thin ply | |
Outer surface thick ply |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Wang, X.; Wang, Y.; Ji, Y.; Hu, H.; Cao, D.; Zheng, K.; Liu, H.; Li, S. Modeling Progressive Damage and Failure of Single-Lap Thin-Ply-Laminated Composite-Bolted Joint Using LaRC Failure Criterion. Materials 2022, 15, 8123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15228123
Wang X, Wang Y, Ji Y, Hu H, Cao D, Zheng K, Liu H, Li S. Modeling Progressive Damage and Failure of Single-Lap Thin-Ply-Laminated Composite-Bolted Joint Using LaRC Failure Criterion. Materials. 2022; 15(22):8123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15228123
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Xiangjiang, Yao Wang, Yundong Ji, Haixiao Hu, Dongfeng Cao, Kaidong Zheng, Hao Liu, and Shuxin Li. 2022. "Modeling Progressive Damage and Failure of Single-Lap Thin-Ply-Laminated Composite-Bolted Joint Using LaRC Failure Criterion" Materials 15, no. 22: 8123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15228123