Gene Expression Programming Model for Tribological Behavior of Novel SiC–ZrO2–Al Hybrid Composites
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental and Method
2.1. Fabrication of Composites
2.2. Gene Expression Programming
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Concentration (wt%) | Sliding Distance (m) | Applied Load (N) |
---|---|---|
0, 3, 6, 9 | 300, 600, 900 | 20, 40 |
Chromosomes number | 30 |
Head size | 7.8 |
Genes number | 3, 4 |
Linking function | Addition (+), Multiplication () |
Fitness function error type | RMSE |
Constant per gene | 1 |
Mutation rate | 0.044 |
Inversion rate | 0.1 |
One-point recombination rate | 0.3 |
Two-point recombination rate | 0.3 |
Gene recombination rate | 0.1 |
Code | Function Set |
---|---|
S1 | +, , /, −, |
S2 | +, , x2, Sqrt |
S3 | +, sin, log, 1/x |
S4 | −, Sqrt, log, 1/x, x2, sin, |
No. | Head Size | Number of Genes | Linking Function | Function Set | Training | Testing | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R2 | RMSE | RRSE | R2 | RMSE | RRSE | ||||||
GEP-1 | w1 | 7 | 3 | S1 | 0.9451 | 0.4357 | 0.2342 | 0.9649 | 1.0906 | 0.3353 | |
w2 | 7 | 3 | S1 | 0.9677 | 0.3343 | 0.1797 | 0.9828 | 0.8902 | 0.2737 | ||
w3 | 8 | 3 | S1 | 0.9485 | 0.4218 | 0.2267 | 0.9436 | 1.1465 | 0.3525 | ||
w4 | 8 | 3 | S1 | 0.9690 | 0.3274 | 0.1760 | 0.9962 | 0.4007 | 0.1233 | ||
w5 | 7 | 4 | + | S1 | 0.9747 | 0.2955 | 0.1589 | 0.9973 | 0.3563 | 0.1095 | |
w6 | 7 | 4 | S1 | 0.9762 | 0.2873 | 0.1544 | 0.9908 | 0.6120 | 0.1882 | ||
GEP-2 | w1 | 7 | 3 | S2 | 0.9471 | 0.4318 | 0.2321 | 0.9823 | 0.8175 | 0.2513 | |
w2 | 7 | 3 | S2 | 0.9517 | 0.4091 | 0.2199 | 0.9757 | 0.8067 | 0.2480 | ||
w3 | 8 | 3 | + | S2 | 0.9658 | 0.3612 | 0.1942 | 0.9801 | 0.7394 | 0.2273 | |
w4 | 8 | 3 | S2 | 0.9372 | 0.5564 | 0.2991 | 0.9792 | 0.8205 | 0.2552 | ||
w5 | 7 | 4 | + | S2 | 0.9425 | 0.4468 | 0.2402 | 0.9750 | 0.7548 | 0.2321 | |
w6 | 7 | 4 | S2 | 0.9584 | 0.3795 | 0.2040 | 0.9798 | 0.6948 | 0.2136 | ||
GEP-3 | w1 | 7 | 3 | + | S3 | 0.9740 | 0.3115 | 0.1674 | 0.9522 | 1.0163 | 0.3125 |
w2 | 7 | 3 | S3 | 0.9703 | 0.3221 | 0.1731 | 0.9931 | 0.4003 | 0.1231 | ||
w3 | 8 | 3 | + | S3 | 0.9685 | 0.3462 | 0.1861 | 0.9607 | 1.009 | 0.3103 | |
w4 | 8 | 3 | S3 | 0.9840 | 0.2357 | 0.1267 | 0.9864 | 0.7831 | 0.2408 | ||
w5 | 7 | 4 | + | S3 | 0.9703 | 0.3296 | 0.1772 | 0.9758 | 1.0485 | 0.3224 | |
w6 | 7 | 4 | S3 | 0.9768 | 0.2847 | 0.1531 | 0.9831 | 0.6950 | 0.2137 | ||
GEP-4 | w1 | 7 | 3 | S4 | 0.9677 | 0.3348 | 0.1800 | 0.9828 | 0.7591 | 0.2334 | |
w2 | 7 | 3 | S4 | 0.9480 | 0.4367 | 0.2347 | 0.9633 | 0.7668 | 0.2358 | ||
w3 | 8 | 3 | + | S4 | 0.9422 | 0.5103 | 0.2743 | 0.9580 | 1.2254 | 0.3768 | |
w4 | 8 | 3 | S4 | 0.9538 | 0.4005 | 0.2153 | 0.9794 | 0.6767 | 0.2081 | ||
w5 | 7 | 4 | + | S4 | 0.9608 | 0.4438 | 0.2386 | 0.9750 | 1.1326 | 0.3482 | |
w6 | 7 | 4 | S4 | 0.9314 | 0.4890 | 0.2629 | 0.9895 | 0.4853 | 0.1492 |
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Abbasi, H.; Zeraati, M.; Moghaddam, R.F.; Chauhan, N.P.S.; Sargazi, G.; Di Lorenzo, R. Gene Expression Programming Model for Tribological Behavior of Novel SiC–ZrO2–Al Hybrid Composites. Materials 2022, 15, 8593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238593
Abbasi H, Zeraati M, Moghaddam RF, Chauhan NPS, Sargazi G, Di Lorenzo R. Gene Expression Programming Model for Tribological Behavior of Novel SiC–ZrO2–Al Hybrid Composites. Materials. 2022; 15(23):8593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238593
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbbasi, Hossein, Malihe Zeraati, Reza Fallah Moghaddam, Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan, Ghasem Sargazi, and Ritamaria Di Lorenzo. 2022. "Gene Expression Programming Model for Tribological Behavior of Novel SiC–ZrO2–Al Hybrid Composites" Materials 15, no. 23: 8593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238593