An Experimental Investigation of Static Properties of Bio-Oils and SAE40 Oil in Journal Bearing Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design of Journal Bearing Test Rig (JBTR)
2.2. Experimental Modal Analysis
2.3. Numerical Modal Analysis
2.4. Dynamic Viscosity Measurement
2.5. Bearing Temperature Measurement
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Experimental Modal Analysis
3.2. Numerical Modal Analysis
3.3. Bearing Temperature Measurement
4. Conclusions
- For all three speeds, i.e., 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm, the bio-oils recorded minimum temperature;
- At 1000 rpm, rapeseed oil recorded a 9.2% lower temperature than SAE40. Similarly, at 2000 rpm, rapeseed oil recorded the minimum temperature, which was 2.5% lower than SAE40;
- At 1500 rpm, palm olein recorded the minimum temperature, which was 1.8% less than SAE40.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Description | Specification |
---|---|---|
1 | Bearing length (L) | 12.5 mm |
2 | Inner diameter for plain bearing (d) | 25.14 mm |
3 | Shaft diameter (Φ) | 25 mm |
4 | Weight of journal shaft (W) | 9 N |
5 | Weight of Load | 25 N |
6 | Total clearance (CT) | 0.14 mm |
7 | Radial clearance (CR) | 0.07 mm |
8 | L/D ratio | 0.5 |
9 | Operating speed | 1000, 1500, 2000 rpm |
Properties | Value |
---|---|
Density | 7.75 × 10−6 kg mm−3 |
Young’s modulus (MPa) | 1.93 × 105 |
Poisson’s ratio | 0.31 |
Bulk modulus (MPa) | 1.693 × 105 |
Shear modulus (MPa) | 73,664 |
Properties | SAE40 | Palm Olein | Rapeseed | Soya Bean |
---|---|---|---|---|
Flash point (°C) | 235 | 324 | 326 | 330 |
Specific heat, Cp (KJ/Kg-C) | 2.53 | 1.9 | 1.96 | 1.88 |
Thermal conductivity (W/m-C) | 0.145 | 0.172 | 0.168 | 0.185 |
Density at 15 °C (g/cm3) | 0.890 | 0.912 | 0.915 | 0.924 |
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Sadiq, M.I.; Ghopa, W.A.; Nuawi, M.Z.; Rasani, M.R.; Ibrahim, S. An Experimental Investigation of Static Properties of Bio-Oils and SAE40 Oil in Journal Bearing Applications. Materials 2022, 15, 2247. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062247
Sadiq MI, Ghopa WA, Nuawi MZ, Rasani MR, Ibrahim S. An Experimental Investigation of Static Properties of Bio-Oils and SAE40 Oil in Journal Bearing Applications. Materials. 2022; 15(6):2247. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062247
Chicago/Turabian StyleSadiq, Muhammad Imran, Wan Aizon Ghopa, Mohd Zaki Nuawi, Mohammad Rasidi Rasani, and Sofian Ibrahim. 2022. "An Experimental Investigation of Static Properties of Bio-Oils and SAE40 Oil in Journal Bearing Applications" Materials 15, no. 6: 2247. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15062247