Effect of the Addition of Steel Fibers on the Bonding Interface and Tensile Properties of Explosion-Welded 2A12 Aluminum Alloy and SS-304 Steel
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Experimental Procedure
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Interface Evolution Mechanism
3.2. Energy Spectrum Analysis
3.3. Microhardness Analysis
3.4. Mechanical Property Testing
3.5. Fracture Appearance Analysis
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The SPH simulation method proved that there was a certain angle formed by the steel fiber, the base plate, and the composite plate, which blocked the direction of the jet so that the jet accumulated on one side of the steel fiber to form an environment with high temperature, high pressure, and high strain rate, thereby forming a vortex area. The residual stress of the jet particles in the vortex region forced them to undergo strong stirring, producing cracks, holes, and air pores in the vortex region.
- (2)
- SEM and EDS analysis proved the following two points. 1. The main reason for cracks, holes, and air pores in the vortex area was the formation of a large number of brittle intermetallic compounds, and the brittle intermetallic compound was mainly FeAl. 2. due to the blocking effect of steel fiber on the jet, the transition of elements at the interface of the composite plate with steel fiber was relatively fast.
- (3)
- Microhardness test results revealed that the cracks, holes, and air pores in the vortex region influenced the microhardness of the bonding interface to a certain extent. As the microhardness of 2A12 aluminum was relatively small, the microhardness increased with the decrease in 2A12 aluminum content in the vortex region.
- (4)
- The tensile test on the universal specimen machine proved that adding steel fibers could improve the antitensile properties of the steel-aluminum composite plates. The larger the diameter of steel fiber, the more obvious the tensile properties are. The main reason is that the steel fiber material is S20910 stainless steel, which was significantly strengthened during the explosion process.
- (5)
- Fracture morphology analysis indicated that 2A12 aluminum had a typical ductile fracture. The ductile fracture far from the bonding interface was more obvious because of explosion strengthening. The SS-304 stainless steel layer and steel fiber were quasi-cleavage fractures, and the steel fibers showed a necking phenomenon during fracture.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Density ρ/(g cm−3) | Detonation Velocity D/(m s−1) | Specific Internal Energy E0/(kg cm−3) | Detonation Pressure /MPa | Heat Capacity Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ANFO | 0.681 | 2430 | 2.484 | 1160 | 2.5 |
Material | Density ρ/(g·cm−3) | Yield Strength σb/MPa | Vickers Hardness /Hv | Wave Velocity C0/(m·s−1) | Melting Point T/K | Specific Heat Cp /(J·kg−1·K−1) | Thermal Conductivity K/(W·m−1·K−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2A12 aluminum | 2.79 | 354 | 110 | 5328 | 933 | 940 | 237 |
S20910 steel | 7.88 | 380 | 201 | 4569 | 1450 | 476 | 14 |
SS-304 steel | 7.93 | 515 | 200 | 5790 | 1400 | 500 | 21.5 |
Element | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
iron | 66.2% | 64.8% | 14.4% | 10% | 9.7% | 9.3% | 1.3% | 0.9% |
aluminum | 0 | 0 | 55% | 32.2% | 71.8% | 73.9% | 88.6% | 86.9% |
Serial No. | First Group of Data/MPa | Second Group of Data/MPa | Third Group of Data/MPa | Mean Value/MPa |
---|---|---|---|---|
1− | 449.53 | 435.35 | 406.72 | 420.53 |
2− | 462.11 | 456.41 | 450.11 | 456.21 |
3− | 497.36 | 479.85 | 478.65 | 485.29 |
4− | 582.79 | 557.06 | 546.59 | 562.15 |
5+ | 442.36 | 438.93 | 425.15 | 435.48 |
6+ | 450.77 | 448.27 | 444.95 | 447.99 |
7+ | 474.48 | 468.88 | 448.09 | 463.80 |
8+ | 500.05 | 480.38 | 472.14 | 484.19 |
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Chen, Y.; Gao, Y.; Guo, C.; Guo, Y.; Guo, Z.; Liu, Y.; Liu, T. Effect of the Addition of Steel Fibers on the Bonding Interface and Tensile Properties of Explosion-Welded 2A12 Aluminum Alloy and SS-304 Steel. Materials 2023, 16, 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010116
Chen Y, Gao Y, Guo C, Guo Y, Guo Z, Liu Y, Liu T. Effect of the Addition of Steel Fibers on the Bonding Interface and Tensile Properties of Explosion-Welded 2A12 Aluminum Alloy and SS-304 Steel. Materials. 2023; 16(1):116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010116
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Yao, Yonghong Gao, Chuanxiang Guo, Yanping Guo, Zhijun Guo, Yingbin Liu, and Tiansheng Liu. 2023. "Effect of the Addition of Steel Fibers on the Bonding Interface and Tensile Properties of Explosion-Welded 2A12 Aluminum Alloy and SS-304 Steel" Materials 16, no. 1: 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010116