Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste

Valencia-Saavedra, William; Robayo-Salazar, Rafael A.; Mejía de Gutiérrez, Ruby

doi:10.3390/ma16186272

Open AccessArticle

Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste

by

William Valencia-Saavedra

,

Rafael A. Robayo-Salazar

and

Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez

^*

Composites Materials Group (CENM), School of Materials Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 #100-00, E44, Cali 760032, Colombia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Materials 2023, 16(18), 6272; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186272

Submission received: 31 August 2023 / Revised: 16 September 2023 / Accepted: 17 September 2023 / Published: 19 September 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Advanced Composite Materials for the Built Environment)

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Abstract

This article demonstrates the possibility of producing hybrid cementitious materials (pastes, mortars, concretes, and precast elements) based on fly ash (FA) and construction and demolition wastes (CDW) using alkaline activation technology. Sodium sulfate was used as an activator and fine and coarse aggregates were obtained from CDW residues. An addition of Portland cement (OPC) (10 to 30%) allowed for improvement in the mechanical behavior of the hybrid cements and them to be cured at room temperature (25 °C). The FA and CDW cementitious materials obtained compressive strengths of 37 MPa and 32 MPa, respectively. The compressive strength of FA and CDW alkali-activated concretes at 28 days of curing was 22 MPa and 18 MPa, respectively, which identifies them as structural concretes according to NSR-10 title C in Colombia. The potential use of these concretes was validated by obtaining and classifying precast materials.

Keywords: hybrid alkali-activated cements; fly ash; construction and demolition waste; sodium sulfate; concretes; recycled aggregates; precast elements

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MDPI and ACS Style

Valencia-Saavedra, W.; Robayo-Salazar, R.A.; Mejía de Gutiérrez, R. Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste. Materials 2023, 16, 6272. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186272

AMA Style

Valencia-Saavedra W, Robayo-Salazar RA, Mejía de Gutiérrez R. Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste. Materials. 2023; 16(18):6272. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186272

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valencia-Saavedra, William, Rafael A. Robayo-Salazar, and Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez. 2023. "Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste" Materials 16, no. 18: 6272. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186272

APA Style

Valencia-Saavedra, W., Robayo-Salazar, R. A., & Mejía de Gutiérrez, R. (2023). Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste. Materials, 16(18), 6272. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186272

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Hybrid Cements and Construction Elements Based on Alkaline Activation with Sodium Sulfates from Fly Ash and Construction and Demolition Waste

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