Possibilities for Efficient Furniture Construction Made of Thin and Ultra-Thin Materials by Using Mitre Joints
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Type of Joints
2.3. Test Methods
2.4. Statistical Processing
3. Results
3.1. Bending Moments of the Joints
3.2. Stiffness Coefficients of the Joints
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- Materials such as 10 mm thick MDF, laminated MDF, 9 mm plywood, laminated 9 mm plywood and 12 mm plywood are particularly suitable for constructing furniture from thin and ultra-thin materials. Their mitre joints have high strength and deformation characteristics.
- A laminated PB with a thickness of 12 mm, which is traditionally among the most-used materials for furniture production, also has relatively good strength and deformation characteristics.
- Glued mitre joints show excellent strength and deformation characteristics and are preferable in furniture made of thin and ultra-thin materials.
- MDF’s lamination significantly influences mitre joints’ strength and deformation characteristics.
- Joints with Lamello biscuits must be bonded over the entire edge of the joined elements for higher strength.
- The stiffness of mitre detachable joints by an eccentric connector with a double-ended bolt is very low, and these joints should be used with caution, even though they have a very high bending strength.
- The type of adhesive and its application play a significant role in the strength and stiffness of mitre joints of structural elements made of compact HPL. When a very high-stiffness joint is required, joints of compact HPL glued with Bison Grisly Extreme are particularly suitable.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material Index * | Density, (D) kg/m3 | Thickness, (T) mm | Modulus of Elasticity, (MOE) N/mm2 | Bending Strength, (BS) N/mm2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
a | 703.94 | 9.13 | 10,035 | 103.85 |
b | 821.26 | 10.73 | 9039 | 98.05 |
c | 788.74 | 10.11 | 3533 | 34.97 |
d | 885.77 | 11.75 | 5773 | 51.19 |
e | 756.12 | 10.25 | 3105 | 30.97 |
f | 777.24 | 12.14 | 3399 | 34.97 |
g | 666.71 | 12.32 | 9105 | 86.59 |
h | 708.96 | 12.14 | 3815 | 26.09 |
i | 1490.37 | 10.45 | 8886 | 104.90 |
Number According to Figure 3 | Type of the Material | Thickness of the Panels, mm | Face Material | Total Thickness δ, mm | Connecting Element/Adhesive | Index of the Joints |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Plywood | 12 | - | 12 | Lamello L0/PVAc | 1_Ply_12 _L0 |
2 | MDF | 12 | - | 12 | Lamello L0/PVAc | 2_MDF_12 _L0 |
3 | LPB | 12 | - | 12 | PVAc | 3_LPB_12 |
4 | MDF | 10 | - | 10 | PVAc | 4_MDF_10 |
5 | MDF black | 10 | - | 10 | PVAc | 5_MDF_10_Black |
6 | MDF | 10 | HPL 0.8 | 11.6 | PVAc | 6_MDF_10_HPL |
7 | Plywood | 9 | - | 9 | PVAc | 7_Ply_9 |
8 | Plywood | 12 | - | 12 | PVAc | 8_Ply_12 |
9 | Plywood | 9 | HPL 0.8 | 10.6 | PVAc | 9_Ply_9_HPL |
10 | LPB | 12 | - | 12 | Minifix ø15 | 10_LPB_12_M_15 |
11 | MDF | 12 | - | 12 | Minifix ø15 | 11_MDF_12_M_15 |
12 | Compact HPL | 10 | - | 10 | Soudal SoudaBond Easy | 12_HPL_10_Comp |
13 | Compact HPL | 10 | - | 10 | Bison Grisly Extreme | 13_HPL_10_Comp |
14 | Compact HPL | 10 | - | 10 | Bison Montage Kit | 14_HPL_10_Comp |
Ranking | Index of Joints | LS Means, N·m | Standard Error, N·m | Lower Bound (95%) | Upper Bound (95%) | Homogeneity Groups |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 6_MDF_10_HPL | 44.23 | 1.10 | 41.87 | 46.58 | A |
2 | 8_Ply_12 | 37.97 | 1.51 | 34.71 | 41.22 | B |
3 | 4_MDF_10 | 35.37 | 0.90 | 33.43 | 37.30 | BC |
4 | 11_MDF_12_M_15 | 35.34 | 1.17 | 32.82 | 37.87 | BC |
5 | 10_LPB_12_M_15 | 34.95 | 1.12 | 32.57 | 37.33 | BC |
6 | 7_Ply_9 | 32.61 | 1.08 | 30.30 | 34.92 | C |
7 | 9_Ply_9_HPL | 31.51 | 1.85 | 27.54 | 35.49 | C |
8 | 5_MDF_Black | 23.61 | 0.97 | 21.45 | 25.72 | D |
9 | 3_LPB_12 | 21.59 | 0,51 | 20.48 | 22.70 | D |
10 | 13_HPL_10_Comp | 20.84 | 0.59 | 19.47 | 22.20 | D |
11 | 1_Ply_12_L0 | 9.07 | 0.31 | 8.39 | 9.75 | E |
12 | 14_HPL_10_Comp | 8.28 | 0.92 | 6.20 | 10.36 | E |
13 | 2_MDF_12_L0 | 8.09 | 0.36 | 7.31 | 8.87 | E |
14 | 12_HPL_10_Comp | 5.95 | 0.60 | 4.68 | 7.22 | E |
Ranking | Index of the Joints | LS Means, N·m/rad | Standard Error, N·m/rad | Lower Bound (95%), N·m/rad | Upper Bound (95%), N·m/rad | Homogeneity Groups |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 13_HPL_10_Comp | 4992.42 | 581.82 | 3676.25 | 6308.60 | A |
2 | 6_MDF_10_HPL | 3276.87 | 80.88 | 3103.40 | 3450.34 | B |
3 | 4_MDF_10 | 2615.84 | 85.83 | 2335.18 | 2712.98 | BC |
4 | 7_Ply_9 | 2211.96 | 128.12 | 1935.17 | 2488.75 | CD |
5 | 9_Ply_9_HPL | 1585.94 | 59.52 | 1480.09 | 1735.42 | DE |
6 | 8_Ply_12 | 1219.80 | 22.77 | 1170.59 | 1268.99 | EF |
7 | 14_HPL_10_Comp | 999.57 | 373.16 | 117.18 | 1881.95 | EFG |
8 | 5_MDF_Black | 975.46 | 22.44 | 927.34 | 1023.58 | EFG |
9 | 12_HPL_10_Comp | 879.10 | 182.68 | 493.69 | 1264.51 | FG |
10 | 3_LPB_12 | 726.26 | 18.89 | 685.74 | 766.78 | FGH |
11 | 2_MDF_12_L0 | 393.97 | 55.67 | 273.69 | 514.23 | GHI |
12 | 1_Ply_12_L0 | 299.50 | 28.13 | 238.21 | 360.797 | GHI |
13 | 11_MDF_12_M_15 | 35.34 | 1.17 | 32.82 | 37.87 | HI |
14 | 10_LPB_12_M_15 | 34.95 | 1.12 | 32.57 | 37.33 | I |
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Petrova, B.; Jivkov, V.; Yavorov, N. Possibilities for Efficient Furniture Construction Made of Thin and Ultra-Thin Materials by Using Mitre Joints. Materials 2023, 16, 6855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16216855
Petrova B, Jivkov V, Yavorov N. Possibilities for Efficient Furniture Construction Made of Thin and Ultra-Thin Materials by Using Mitre Joints. Materials. 2023; 16(21):6855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16216855
Chicago/Turabian StylePetrova, Boryana, Vassil Jivkov, and Nikolay Yavorov. 2023. "Possibilities for Efficient Furniture Construction Made of Thin and Ultra-Thin Materials by Using Mitre Joints" Materials 16, no. 21: 6855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16216855