A Simple and Convenient Method for Preparing Fluorine-Free Durable Superhydrophobic Coatings Suitable for Multiple Substrates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of the Coatings
2.3. Characterization
3. Results
3.1. Tape Peel Cycle Test
3.2. Superhydrophobic Coatings Applied to a Variety of Substrates
3.3. Surface Wettability and Morphology
3.4. Surface Composition Analysis
3.5. Mechanical Performance Test
3.6. A Self-Cleaning Performance of the Superhydrophobic Coatings
3.7. Chemical Stability Test of Superhydrophobic Coatings
3.8. Anti-Corrosion Performance of the Superhydrophobic Coatings
3.9. Oil–Water Separation of Superhydrophobic Coatings
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Yang, J.; Long, F.; Wang, R.; Zhang, X.; Yang, Y.; Hu, W.; Liu, L. Design of mechanical robust superhydrophobic Cu coatings with excellent corrosion resistance and self-cleaning performance inspired by lotus leaf. Colloids Surf. A 2021, 627, 127154. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bai, F.; Wu, J.T.; Gong, G.M.; Guo, L. Biomimetic “Water Strider Leg” with Highly Refined Nanogroove Structure and Remarkable Water-Repellent Performance. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2014, 6, 16237–16242. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, Z.; Li, Z.; Feng, X.M.; Jiao, X.M.; Zhang, X.M.; Niu, S.C.; Han, S.C.; Ben, L.Q. Rapid Fabrication of Bio-inspired Antireflection Film Replicating from Cicada Wings. J. Bionic. Eng. 2020, 17, 34–44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Zhang, H.L.; Ji, X.X.; Liu, X.X.; Ren, J.P.; Tao, F.R.; Qiao, C.D. Versatile, mechanochemically robust, sprayed superomniphobic coatings enabling low surface tension and high viscous organic liquid bouncing. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 402, 126160. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yi, K.; Fu, S.Y.; Huang, Y.B. Nanocellulose-based superhydrophobic coatings with acid resistance and fluorescence. Prog. Org. Coat. 2022, 168, 106911. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bao, Y.; Chang, J.X.; Zhang, Y.X.; Chen, L. Robust superhydrophobic coatings with hollow SiO2/PAA-b-PS Janus microspheres for self-cleaning and oil-water separation. Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 446, 136959. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, X.K.; Zeng, J.; Yu, X.Q.; Zhang, Y.F. Superamphiphobic coatings with polymer-wrapped particles: Enhancing water harvesting. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 5426–5433. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, T.C.; Guo, J.; Zhang, Y.Y.; Hu, N.N.; Zhang, J.L. Superamphiphobic triple-scale micro-/nanostructured aluminum surfaces with self-cleaning and anti-icing properties. J. Mater. Sci. 2021, 56, 15463–15480. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, B.B.; Xu, W.C. Superhydrophobic, superamphiphobic and SLIPS materials as anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling barriers. New J. Chem. 2021, 45, 15170–15179. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guo, C.L.; Ding, H.; Xie, M.X.; Zhang, H.Q.; Hong, X.Y.; Sun, L.Y.; Ding, F.C. Multifunctional superamphiphobic fluorinated silica with a core-shell structure for anti-fouling and anti-corrosion applications. Colloids Surf. A 2021, 615, 126155. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, Y.; Gu, H.; Jia, Y.; Liu, J.; Zhang, H.; Wang, R.; Zhang, B.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, Q. Design and preparation of biomimetic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films with superhydrophobic, self-healing and drag reduction properties via replication of shark skin and SI-ATRP. Chem. Eng. J. 2019, 356, 318–328. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, S.S.; Wang, Q.; Wang, N. Fabrication of pre-wetting induced superamphiphobic meshes for on-demand oil-water separation of light or heavy oil-water mixtures. Colloids Surf. A 2020, 602, 125095. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, J.H.; Liu, Z.H.; Wen, X.F.; Xu, S.P.; Wang, F.; Pi, P.H. Two-Step Approach for Fabrication of Durable Superamphiphobic Fabrics for Self-Cleaning, Antifouling, and On-Demand Oil/Water Separation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2019, 58, 5490–5500. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mahadik, S.A.; Mahadik, S.S. Surface morphological and topographical analysis of multifunctional superhydrophobic sol-gel coatings. Ceram. Int. 2021, 47, 29475–29482. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Su, D.; Huang, C.Y.; Hu, Y.; Jiang, Q.W.; Zhang, L.; Zhu, Y.F. Preparation of superhydrophobic surface with a novel sol-gel system. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2011, 258, 928–934. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fang, Z.P.; Luo, W.; Hu, H.L.; Xia, M.; Sun, Z.G.; Zhang, Y.H.; He, P.X. Ice-template triggered roughness: A facile method to prepare robust superhydrophobic surface with versatile performance. Prog. Org. Coat. 2019, 135, 345–351. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, J.P.; Wu, Y.L.; Zhang, D.G.; Li, L.H.; Wang, T.; Duan, S.Y. Preparation of superhydrophobic flexible tubes with water and blood repellency based on template method. Colloids Surf. A 2020, 587, 124331. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cho, S.W.; Kim, J.H.; Lee, H.M.; Chae, H.; Kim, C.K. Superhydrophobic Si surfaces having microscale rod structures prepared in a plasma etching system. Surf. Coat. Tech. 2016, 306, 82–86. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dimitrakellis, P.; Travlos, A.; Psycharis, V.P.; Gogolides, E. Superhydrophobic Paper by Facile and Fast Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Etching. Plasma. Process. Polym. 2017, 14, 1600069. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nguyen-Trig, P.; Altiparmak, F.; Nguyen, N.; Tuduri, L.; Ouellet-Plamondon, C.M.; Prud’homme, R.E. Robust Superhydrophobic Cotton Fibers Prepared by Simple Dip-Coatings Approach Using Chemical and Plasma-Etching Pretreatments. ACS Omega 2019, 4, 7829–7837. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Bayram, F.; Mercan, E.S.; Karaman, M. One-step fabrication of superhydrophobic-superoleophilic membrane by initiated chemical vapor deposition method for oil-water separation. Colloid. Polym. Sci. 2021, 299, 1469–1477. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tombesi, A.; Li, S.H.; Sathasivam, S.; Page, K.; Heale, F.L.; Pettinari, C.; Carmalt, C.J.; Parkin, I.P. Aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition of transparent superhydrophobic film by using mixed functional alkoxysilanes. Sci. Rep. 2019, 9, 7549. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Wang, H.J.; Zhang, Z.H.; Wang, Z.K.; Liang, Y.H.; Cui, Z.Q.; Zhao, J.; Li, X.J.; Ren, L.Q. Multistimuli-Responsive Microstructured Superamphiphobic Surfaces with Large-Range, Reversible Switchable Wettability for Oil. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2019, 11, 28478–28486. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rasitha, T.P.; Philip, J. Optimal condition for fabricating mechanically durable superhydrophobic titanium surface by rapid breakdown anodization: Self cleaning and bouncing characteristics. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2022, 585, 152628. [Google Scholar]
- Rasitha, T.P.; Krishna, D.N.G.; Thinaharan, C.; Vanithakumari, S.C.; Philip, J. Optimization of coating parameters for fabrication of robust superhydrophobic (SHP) aluminum and evaluation of corrosion performance in aggressive medium. Prog. Org. Coat. 2022, 172, 107076. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, T.; Lv, C.; Ji, L.L.; He, X.; Wang, S. Designing Re-Entrant Geometry: Construction of a Superamphiphobic Surface with Large-Sized Particles. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter. 2020, 12, 49155–49164. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Han, X.T.; Peng, J.Y.; Jiang, S.H.; Xiong, J.; Song, Y.; Gong, X. Robust Superamphiphobic Coatings Based on Raspberry-like Hollow SnO2 Composites. Langmuir 2020, 36, 11044–11053. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chatzigrigoriou, A.; Karapanagiotis, I.; Poulios, I. Superhydrophobic coatings based on siloxane resin and calcium hydroxide nanoparticles for marble protection. Coatings 2020, 10, 334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Meng, J.Q.; Lin, S.S.; Xiong, X.P. Preparation of breathable and superhydrophobic coatings film via spray coatings in combination with vapor-induced phase separation. Prog. Org. Coat. 2017, 107, 29–36. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xiong, X.; Xie, F.; Meng, J. Preparation of superhydrophobic porous coatings film with the matrix covered with polydimethylsiloxane for oil/water separation. Prog. Org. Coat. 2018, 125, 365–371. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xi, Y.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, J. Fabrication of superhydrophobic bilayer composite coatings for roof cooling and cleaning. Constr. Build. Mater. 2021, 291, 123283. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, Y.; Chen, B.; Lv, Z.; Guo, F.; Huang, C. A cost-effective method for robust and anti-corrosive superhydrophobic coatings. SN Appl. Sci. 2019, 1, 612. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Karapanagiotis, I.; Manoudis, P.N. Superhydrophobic and superamphiphobic materials for the conservation of natural stone: An overview. Constr. Build. Mater. 2022, 320, 126175. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jiao, X.; Li, M.; Yu, X.; Wong, W.S.Y.; Zhang, Y. Oil-immersion stable superamphiphobic coatings for long-term super liquid-repellency. Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 420, 127606. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wei, J.; Li, B.; Jing, L.; Tian, N.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, J. Efficient protection of Mg alloy enabled by combination of a conventional anti-corrosion coatings and a superamphiphobic coatings. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 390, 124562. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nie, X.; Hou, T.; Yao, H.; Li, Z.; Zhou, X.; Li, C. Effect of C9 petroleum resins on improvement in compatibility and properties of SBS-modified asphalt. Pet. Sci. Technol. 2019, 37, 1704–1712. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mallegol, J.; Bennett, G.; McDonald, P.J.; Keddie, J.L.; Dupont, O. Skin development during the film formation of waterborne acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives containing tackifying resin. J. Adhes. 2006, 82, 217–238. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Karademir, A.; Aydemir, C.; Yenidogan, S.; Kandirmaz, E.A.; Kiter, R.G. The use of natural (Pinus pinaster) resin in the production of printing ink and the printability effect. Color. Res. Appl. 2020, 45, 1170–1178. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Schaur, A.; Unterberger, S.; Lackner, R. Impact of molecular structure of SBS on thermomechanical properties of polymer modified bitumen. Eur. Polym. J. 2017, 96, 256–265. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, W.; Qiu, L.; Liu, J.; Hu, K.; Zou, L.; Chen, Y.; Yang, C.; Wang, F.; Zang, J. Modification mechanism of C9 petroleum resin and its influence on SBS modified asphalt. Constr. Build. Mater. 2021, 306, 124740. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, H.; Chen, P.; Chen, C.; Zhang, W.; Sun, X. Effect of Aromatic Petroleum Resin on Microstructure of SBS Modified Asphalt. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2022, 2022, 5136748. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ryu, D.Y.; Kim, J.K. The aromatic hydrocarbon resins with various hydrogenation degrees Part 2. The adhesion and viscoelastic properties of the mixtures of resins and block copolymers. Polymer 2000, 41, 5207–5218. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Koch, K.; Bhushan, B.; Barthlott, W. Multifunctional surface structures of plants: An inspiration for biomimetics. Prog. Mater. Sci. 2009, 54, 137–178. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shao, H.; Yu, Y.; Li, Y.; Shuai, M.; He, Z.; Tang, C.; Li, X.; Mei, J.; Fu, Q. Building a mechanically stable polydimethylsiloxane/silica superhydrophobic coatings on poly(chloro-p-xylylene) film by introducing a polydimethylsiloxane adhesive layer. Surf. Coat. Technol. 2018, 350, 201–210. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhou, Z.; Chen, G. Preparation, Performance, and modification mechanism of high viscosity modified asphalt. Constr. Build. Mater. 2021, 310, 125007. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, H.; Xin, L.; Zhang, K.; Yin, X.L.; Yu, S.R. Fluorine-free fabrication of robust self-cleaning and anti-corrosion superhydrophobic coatings with photocatalytic function for enhanced anti-biofouling property. Surf. Coat. Technol. 2022, 438, 128406. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Xu, B.; Zhou, Y.; Gan, S.; Xu, Q.; Hou, M.; Lu, C.; Ni, Z. A Simple and Convenient Method for Preparing Fluorine-Free Durable Superhydrophobic Coatings Suitable for Multiple Substrates. Materials 2023, 16, 1771. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051771
Xu B, Zhou Y, Gan S, Xu Q, Hou M, Lu C, Ni Z. A Simple and Convenient Method for Preparing Fluorine-Free Durable Superhydrophobic Coatings Suitable for Multiple Substrates. Materials. 2023; 16(5):1771. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051771
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Bin, Yinping Zhou, Shichang Gan, Qinqin Xu, Maohua Hou, Congda Lu, and Zhongjin Ni. 2023. "A Simple and Convenient Method for Preparing Fluorine-Free Durable Superhydrophobic Coatings Suitable for Multiple Substrates" Materials 16, no. 5: 1771. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16051771