Stimulation of Biological Structures on the Nanoscale Using Interfaces with Large Built-In Spontaneous Polarizations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ZnO P (High) C/m2 | ZnO P (Low) C/m2 | GaN P (High) C/m2 | GaN P (Low) C/m2 | 2H-SiC P (High) C/m2 | 2H-SiC P (Low) C/m2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 layers | 0.095 | −0.180 | 0.198 | −0.210 | 0.20 | −0.24 |
8 layers | 0.020 | −0.135 | 0.098 | −0.120 | 0.09 | −0.14 |
15 layers | −0.018 | −0.095 | 0.040 | −0.070 | 0.04 | −0.09 |
22 layers | −0.035 | −0.070 | 0.020 | −0.050 | 0.02 | −0.08 |
Debye Length | 0.33 nm | 0.66 nm | 1 nm | 1.33 nm | 1.66 nm | 2 nm | 2.33 nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flake Thickness | |||||||
2.08 nm | −0.018 | −0.078 | −0.154 | −0.232 | −0.312 | −0.395 | −0.477 |
4.16 nm | −0.013 | −0.059 | −0.115 | −0.174 | −0.234 | −0.297 | −0.358 |
7.8 nm | −9.72 × 10−3 | −0.041 | −0.081 | −0.122 | −0.164 | −0.208 | −0.252 |
11.45 nm | −7.16 × 10−3 | −0.030 | −0.059 | −0.09 | −0.121 | −0.154 | −0.186 |
15 nm | −6.14 × 10−3 | −0.026 | −0.051 | −0.077 | −0.104 | −0.132 | −0.159 |
20 nm | −5.73 × 10−3 | −0.024 | −0.048 | −0.072 | −0.097 | −0.123 | −0.149 |
25 nm | −5.53 × 10−3 | −0.023 | −0.046 | −0.070 | −0.094 | −0.118 | −0.140 |
30 nm | −5.07 × 10−3 | −0.022 | −0.042 | −0.064 | −0.086 | −0.108 | −0.132 |
Debye Length | 0.33 nm | 0.66 nm | 1 nm | 1.33 nm | 1.66 nm | 2 nm | 2.33 nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flake Thickness | |||||||
2.08 nm | −4.05 × 10−3 | −0.037 | −0.093 | −0.159 | −0.230 | −0.308 | −0.385 |
4.16 nm | −3.03 × 10−3 | −0.027 | −0.070 | −0.119 | −0.173 | −0.231 | −0.289 |
7.8 nm | −2.13 × 10−3 | −0.019 | −0.049 | −0.084 | −0.121 | −0.162 | −0.203 |
11.45 nm | −1.57 × 10−3 | −0.014 | −0.036 | −0.061 | −0.089 | −0.119 | −0.149 |
15 nm | −1.35 × 10−3 | −0.012 | −0.031 | −0.053 | −0.077 | −0.103 | −0.129 |
20 nm | −1.26 × 10−3 | −0.012 | −0.029 | −0.050 | −0.072 | −0.096 | −0.120 |
25 nm | −1.22 × 10−3 | −0.011 | −0.028 | −0.048 | −0.069 | −0.093 | −0.116 |
30 nm | −1.11 × 10−3 | −0.010 | −0.026 | −0.044 | −0.064 | −0.085 | −0.106 |
Debye Length | 0.33 nm | 0.66 nm | 1 nm | 1.33 nm | 1.66 nm | 2 nm | 2.33 nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flake Thickness | |||||||
2.07 nm | −0.0215 | −0.091 | −0.179 | −0.270 | −0.364 | −0.461 | −0.557 |
4.14 nm | −0.0122 | −0.052 | −0.103 | −0.155 | −0.208 | −0.264 | −0.318 |
7.7 nm | −7.16 × 10−3 | −0.030 | −0.059 | −0.090 | −0.121 | −0.154 | −0.186 |
11.4 nm | −5.11 × 10−3 | −0.022 | −0.043 | −0.064 | −0.087 | −0.110 | −0.133 |
Debye Length | 0.33 nm | 0.66 nm | 1 nm | 1.33 nm | 1.66 nm | 2 nm | 2.33 nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flake Thickness | |||||||
2.07 nm | −4.72 × 10−3 | −0.043 | −0.109 | −0.186 | −0.269 | −0.360 | −0.450 |
4.14 nm | −2.7 × 10−3 | −0.024 | −0.062 | −0.106 | −0.154 | −0.205 | −0.257 |
7.7 nm | −1.575 × 10−3 | −0.014 | −0.036 | −0.062 | −0.090 | −0.119 | −0.150 |
11.4 nm | −1.12 × 10−3 | −0.010 | −0.026 | −0.044 | −0.064 | −0.086 | −0.107 |
Debye Length | 0.33 nm | 0.66 nm | 1 nm | 1.33 nm | 1.66 nm | 2 nm | 2.33 nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flake Thickness | |||||||
2.04 nm | −0.025 | −0.105 | −0.205 | −0.309 | −0.416 | −0.528 | −0.637 |
4.08 nm | −0.014 | −0.061 | −0.120 | −0.180 | −0.243 | −0.308 | −0.372 |
7.66 nm | −9.21 × 10−3 | −0.039 | −0.077 | −0.116 | −0.156 | −0.198 | −0.239 |
11.24 nm | −8.19 × 10−3 | −0.035 | −0.068 | −0.103 | −0.139 | −0.176 | −0.212 |
Debye Length | 0.33 nm | 0.66 nm | 1 nm | 1.33 nm | 1.66 nm | 2 nm | 2.33 nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flake Thickness | |||||||
2.04 nm | −5.4 × 10−3 | −0.049 | −0.125 | −0.212 | −0.308 | −0.411 | −0.514 |
4.08 nm | −3.15 × 10−3 | −0.029 | −0.073 | −0.124 | −0.179 | −0.240 | −0.299 |
7.66 nm | −2.02 × 10−3 | −0.018 | −0.047 | −0.079 | −0.115 | −0.154 | −0.193 |
11.24 nm | −1.8 × 10−3 | −0.016 | −0.042 | −0.071 | −0.103 | −0.137 | −0.171 |
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Zia, N.; Stroscio, M.; Dutta, M. Stimulation of Biological Structures on the Nanoscale Using Interfaces with Large Built-In Spontaneous Polarizations. Materials 2024, 17, 2332. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102332
Zia N, Stroscio M, Dutta M. Stimulation of Biological Structures on the Nanoscale Using Interfaces with Large Built-In Spontaneous Polarizations. Materials. 2024; 17(10):2332. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102332
Chicago/Turabian StyleZia, Nida, Michael Stroscio, and Mitra Dutta. 2024. "Stimulation of Biological Structures on the Nanoscale Using Interfaces with Large Built-In Spontaneous Polarizations" Materials 17, no. 10: 2332. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17102332