Effect of Activated Siliceous Wastes Incorporated as Mineral Admixtures on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste: Insights into Their Physicochemical Interactions in Suspension
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Silicate Minerals
2.2. Cement and PCE Superplasticizers
2.3. Chemical Reagents
2.4. Preparation
2.5. Experimental Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Fluidity of the Cement Paste Blended with Silicate Minerals
3.2. Wettability of Silicate Minerals
3.3. Adsorption of PCE on Silicate Minerals
3.4. Mechanistic Study
3.4.1. Zeta Potential of Silicate Minerals
3.4.2. Ionic Coordination of Silicate Mineral Admixtures
3.4.3. Dissolved Metal Cation of Silicate Minerals
3.4.4. The Hydrolysis and Potential Equilibrium of Silicate Minerals
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- Activated quartz hydrophilicity is similar to cement when it comes into contact with water. The water demand and PCE absorption are the lowest. Optimal flowability can be achieved at a specific surface area of 535 m2/kg. Increasing the specific surface area leads to coordination between minerals and Fe ions in grinding media, which leads to enhanced hydrophilicity and PCE adsorption.
- (2)
- The capillary adsorption of activated feldspar results in a reduction in free water within the blended cement. Activated mica demonstrated strong hydrophilicity, a high metal cation solution, and a lamellar structure, which increased the shear stress and reduced flowability. Consequently, 15 wt% mica causes a complete loss of flowability.
- (3)
- With cement hydration, the solubility of metal cations such as Al3+, K+, and Si4+ in activated mineral admixtures is facilitated, and the Ca2+ produced by hydration will be adsorbed on the mineral’s surface. This results in a significant reduction in cement slurry fluidity due to the increased levels of PCE.
- (4)
- PCE can adsorb to the surface of cement particles to improve slurry properties but cannot adsorb directly to mineral admixtures. A specialized polymer additive for siliceous waste admixture, possibly with cationic groups, needs to be prepared to improve fluidity. The utilization of siliceous wastes will result in a meaningful contribution to environmental protection.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Mineral | Grinding Time (min) | Blaine Specific Surface Area (m2/kg) |
---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Quartz | 10 | 535 |
Q2 | 15 | 880 | |
Q3 | 20 | 1016 | |
F1 | Feldspar | 15 | 518 |
F2 | 20 | 785 | |
F3 | 25 | 1014 | |
M1 | Mica | 30 | 463 |
M2 | 45 | 833 | |
M3 | 60 | 960 |
Sample | PC | Quartz | Feldspar | Mica | PCE | Water |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC (Blank) | 500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250 |
PC_30Q | 350 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250 |
PC_30F | 350 | 0 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 250 |
PC_30M | 350 | 0 | 0 | 150 | 0 | 250 |
PC_PCE (Blank) | 500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.13 | 170 |
PC_30Q_PCE | 350 | 150 | 0 | 0 | 1.13 | 170 |
PC_30F_PCE | 350 | 0 | 150 | 0 | 1.13 | 170 |
PC_30M_PCE | 350 | 0 | 0 | 150 | 1.13 | 170 |
Sample | PC_Q1 | PC_F1 | PC_M1 | PC_Q1_PCE | PC_F1_PCE | PC_M1_PCE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
τ0 (Pa) | 12.15 | 24.46 | 30.36 | 3.12 | 11.84 | 138.5 |
Al3+ | Fe3+ | K+ | Li+ | Ca2+ | Si4+ | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q3 | 0.16 | 0.5 | 8.66 | - | 0.21 | 13.17 |
F3 | 10.83 | 0.26 | 285.93 | - | 0.34 | 30.98 |
M3 | 23.92 | 0.1 | 437.78 | 2.86 | 0.07 | 24.53 |
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Shi, L.; Kuang, J.; Qiu, T. Effect of Activated Siliceous Wastes Incorporated as Mineral Admixtures on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste: Insights into Their Physicochemical Interactions in Suspension. Materials 2024, 17, 3781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153781
Shi L, Kuang J, Qiu T. Effect of Activated Siliceous Wastes Incorporated as Mineral Admixtures on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste: Insights into Their Physicochemical Interactions in Suspension. Materials. 2024; 17(15):3781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153781
Chicago/Turabian StyleShi, Linyun, Jingzhong Kuang, and Tingsheng Qiu. 2024. "Effect of Activated Siliceous Wastes Incorporated as Mineral Admixtures on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste: Insights into Their Physicochemical Interactions in Suspension" Materials 17, no. 15: 3781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153781