Stabilization of δ-like Bi2O3 Phase at Room Temperature in Binary and Ternary Bismuthate Glass Systems with Al2O3, SiO2, GeO2, and B2O3
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Bismuthate Glasses and Nanomaterials
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results
4.1. X-ray Diffractometry—Pristine Glasses
4.2. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)
4.3. High-Temperature X-ray Diffractometry
4.4. Optimization of Crystallization Process
5. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
DTA | Differential Thermal Analysis |
XRD | X-ray Diffractometry |
ICDD | International Centre for Diffraction Data |
ICSD | Inorganic Crystal Structure Database |
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Sample ID | Nominal Composition | Synthesis Temperature |
---|---|---|
BAG | 1350 °C | |
BAS | 1100 °C | |
BBS | 1100 °C | |
BS | 1200 °C |
Sample ID | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BAG | 471 | 560 | 658 | 735 | - |
BAS | 499 | 625 | 718 | 760 | - |
BBS | 400 | 457 | 508 | 576 | 610 |
BS | 450 | 508 | 578 | 608 | - |
Sample | Temperature Range/°C | Identified Phase |
---|---|---|
BAG | <470 | glass |
470–490 | ||
490–550 | , | |
550–720 | ||
720–750 | , , | |
BAS | <510 | glass |
510–640 | ||
640–680 | , , | |
680–710 | , , UP | |
710–740 | , , , UP | |
740–750 | , , , | |
BBS | <390 | glass |
390–470 | , | |
470–500 | ||
500–540 | , | |
540–570 | , , | |
570–630 | , | |
BS | <440 | glass |
440–480 | ||
480–500 | , | |
500–540 | , , | |
540–750 | , |
Sample | Annealing Protocol | Average Grain Size/nm |
---|---|---|
BAG | 24 h at 470 °C | 39 |
BAS | 1 h at 580 °C | 81 |
BBS | 24 h at 390 °C | 59 |
BS | 24 h at 450 °C | 42 |
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Vlasenko, V.; Nowagiel, M.; Wasiucionek, M.; Pietrzak, T.K. Stabilization of δ-like Bi2O3 Phase at Room Temperature in Binary and Ternary Bismuthate Glass Systems with Al2O3, SiO2, GeO2, and B2O3. Materials 2024, 17, 4023. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164023
Vlasenko V, Nowagiel M, Wasiucionek M, Pietrzak TK. Stabilization of δ-like Bi2O3 Phase at Room Temperature in Binary and Ternary Bismuthate Glass Systems with Al2O3, SiO2, GeO2, and B2O3. Materials. 2024; 17(16):4023. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164023
Chicago/Turabian StyleVlasenko, Viktoriia, Maciej Nowagiel, Marek Wasiucionek, and Tomasz K. Pietrzak. 2024. "Stabilization of δ-like Bi2O3 Phase at Room Temperature in Binary and Ternary Bismuthate Glass Systems with Al2O3, SiO2, GeO2, and B2O3" Materials 17, no. 16: 4023. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17164023