Nitric Acid-Treated Carbon Fibers with Enhanced Hydrophilicity for Candida tropicalis Immobilization in Xylitol Fermentation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. SEM of Raw and Treated CF
2.2. Effects of Nitric Acid Treatment on Surface Properties of CF and IE
2.3. Multi-Batch Fermentation of Xylitol by C. tropicalis Immobilized on Treated CF
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Immobilization Carriers
3.2. Multi-Batch Xylitol Fermentation by Immobilized Cells
3.3. Measurements
3.4. Statistical Data Treatment
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Carriers Properties | Raw-CF | CF-Nh1 | CF-Nh3 | CF-Nh6 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total acidity (mmol∙g−1) | 0.244 ± 0.011 | 0.365 ± 0.014 | 0.949 ± 0.023 | 1.38 ± 0.015 |
Carriers Properties | Raw-CF | CF-Nh1 | CF-Nh3 | CF-Nh4 | CF-Nh6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DM (%) | 1.68 ± 0.21 | 2.77 ± 0.25 | 9.66 ± 0.16 | 12.8 ± 0.20 | 18.7 ± 0.22 |
CA (°) | 92.67 ± 1.14 | 77.02 ± 1.53 | 66.45 ± 1.86 | 59.31 ± 1.43 | 53.49 ± 1.61 |
pHpzc | 5.93 ± 0.03 | 5.45 ± 0.01 | 4.02 ± 0.01 | 3.88 ± 0.01 | 2.71 ± 0.04 |
Carrier Fermentation | Free | Raw-CF | CF-Nh1 | CF-Nh3 | CF-Nh4 | CF-Nh6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
YPS−1 (%) 1 | 57.76± 0.1 | 57.6 ± 0.1 | 60.11 ± 0.1 | 68.66 ± 0.1 | 67.51 ± 0.1 | 60.74 ± 0.1 |
QP (g∙L−1∙h−1) 2 | 1.00 ± 0.01 | 1.00 ± 0.01 | 1.05 ± 0.02 | 1.19 ± 0.01 | 1.17 ± 0.01 | 1.06 ± 0.01 |
YPS−1 (%) 3 | 61.92 ± 0.1 | 58.7 ± 0.1 | 61.77 ± 0.1 | 70.13 ± 0.1 | 68.7 ± 0.1 | 64.19 ± 0.2 |
QP (g∙L−1∙h−1) 4 | 1.08 ± 0.02 | 1.02 ± 0.01 | 1.07 ± 0.01 | 1.22 ± 0.02 | 1.19 ± 0.01 | 1.12 ± 0.01 |
YPS−1 (%) 5 | 60.87 ± 0.1 | 55.5 ± 0.1 | 61.54 ± 0.1 | 68.73 ± 0.1 | 64.38 ± 0.1 | 62.11 ± 0.1 |
QP (g∙L−1∙h−1) 6 | 1.06 ± 0.01 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 1.07 ± 0.01 | 1.20 ± 0.01 | 1.12 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.01 |
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Wang, L.; Liu, N.; Guo, Z.; Wu, D.; Chen, W.; Chang, Z.; Yuan, Q.; Hui, M.; Wang, J. Nitric Acid-Treated Carbon Fibers with Enhanced Hydrophilicity for Candida tropicalis Immobilization in Xylitol Fermentation. Materials 2016, 9, 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030206
Wang L, Liu N, Guo Z, Wu D, Chen W, Chang Z, Yuan Q, Hui M, Wang J. Nitric Acid-Treated Carbon Fibers with Enhanced Hydrophilicity for Candida tropicalis Immobilization in Xylitol Fermentation. Materials. 2016; 9(3):206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030206
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Le, Na Liu, Zheng Guo, Dapeng Wu, Weiwei Chen, Zheng Chang, Qipeng Yuan, Ming Hui, and Jinshui Wang. 2016. "Nitric Acid-Treated Carbon Fibers with Enhanced Hydrophilicity for Candida tropicalis Immobilization in Xylitol Fermentation" Materials 9, no. 3: 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030206