The Relationships between Root Traits and the Soil Erodibility of Farmland Shelterbelts in the Bashang Region of China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site and Experimental Design
2.2. Root Trait Measurements
2.3. Soil Trait Measurements
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Differences of Root Functional Traits across Species
3.2. Differences in the Soil Erodibility of Four Land Types
3.3. The Correlations among Soil Characteristics
3.4. The Correlations between Root Traits and Soil Erodibility
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Shelterbelt Types | Abbreviation | Latitude and Longitude | Altitude (m) | Age (Year) | Height (m) | Diameter (cm) | Length of Shelterbelt (m) | Width of Shelterbelt (m) | Line Number | Spacing of Line (m) | Spacing of Trees/Shrubs (m) | Farmland |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lycium barbarum | LB | 114°44′13″ E, 41° 55′51″ N | 1448 | 15 | 2.24 ± 0.16 | 4.17 ± 0.93 | 500 | 3 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | Hulless oat and Oilseed rape |
Caragana korshinskii | CK | 114°48′11″ E, 42°8′5″ N | 1283 | 17 | 0.89 ± 0.13 | 1.30 ± 0.15 | 5000 | 8 | 3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | Hulless oat |
Populus simonii | PS | 114°44′12″ E, 42°1′21″ N | 1445 | 29 | 8.10 ± 0.41 | 25.29 ± 2.16 | 1000 | 10 | 4 | 2.5 | 1.0 | Hulless oat and Oilseed rape |
Ulmus pumila | UP | 114°47′22″ E, 42°7′1″ N | 1312 | 36 | 6.94 ± 0.53 | 21.16 ± 1.96 | 1800 | 25 | 10 | 2.5 | 2.0 | Hulless oat |
Parameters | Abbreviation | Units | Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Soil characteristics | Soil water content | SWC | % | Soil water content |
Soil total nitrogen | STN | g kg−1 | Soil total nitrogen | |
Soil total organic carbon | STC | g kg−1 | Soil total organic carbon | |
Mean weight diameter of dry aggregates | MWDd | mm | Mean weight diameter of soil dry aggregates using the dry sieving method | |
Geometric mean diameter of dry aggregates | GMDd | mm | Geometric mean diameter of soil dry aggregates using the dry sieving method | |
Erodible fraction of dry aggregates | EFd | % | Erodible fraction of the dry aggregates using the dry sieving method | |
The dry aggregate stability | DAS | % | The dry aggregate stability using the dry sieving method | |
The erodible fraction | EFw | % | The erodible fraction of soils using regression equations | |
Geometric mean diameter | GMDw | mm | The geometric mean diameter of soils using regression equations | |
Shear strength with 0.5 kg | SR0.5 | J | Shear strength of the surface soil when mass weight was 0.5 kg | |
Shear strength with 2.0 kg | SR2 | J | Shear strength of the surface soil when mass weight was 2.0 kg | |
Root morphological traits | Average root diameter | RD | mm | Average root diameter |
Specific root length | SRL | m g−1 | The ratio of root cluster length to root dry mass | |
Specific surface area | SSA | cm2 g−1 | The ratio of root surface area to root dry mass | |
Root tissue density | RTD | g cm−3 | The ratio of root dry mass to root volume | |
Root architectural traits | Branching ratio | BR | none | The ratio of 1st order root number to 2nd order root number |
Branching intensity | BI | cm−1 | The ratio of 1st order root number to 2nd order root length |
Shelterbelt | pH | Water Content (%) | Soil Organic Carbon (g kg−1) | Soil Total Nitrogen (g kg−1) | Soil Particle Volume Content Percentage (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clay (<0.002 mm) | Silt (0.002–0.05 mm) | Sand (0.05–2 mm) | |||||
Lycium barbarum | 8.07 ± 0.11 b | 21.02 ± 0.93 a | 18.06 ± 1.27 a | 2.23 ± 0.18 a | 3.78 ± 0.38 a | 30.33 ± 0.93 a | 65.89 ± 0.87 b |
Caragana korshinskii | 8.49 ± 0.01 a | 16.98 ± 0.62 b | 11.55 ± 0.50 b | 1.61 ± 0.12 b | 3.14 ± 0.15 ab | 28.63 ± 1.84 a | 68.22 ± 1.84 b |
Populus simonii | 8.31 ± 0.04 a | 14.18 ± 0.93 b | 13.19 ± 2.14 b | 1.81 ± 0.24 ab | 2.82 ± 0.27 b | 30.00 ± 1.22 a | 67.18 ± 1.44 b |
Ulmus pumila | 8.41 ± 0.09 a | 16.72 ± 2.03 b | 14.46 ± 0.87 ab | 1.50 ± 0.13 b | 2.75 ± 0.16 b | 21.98 ± 0.93 b | 75.27 ± 0.94 a |
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Liu, Q.; Li, J.; Guo, Z.; Chang, C.; Wang, H. The Relationships between Root Traits and the Soil Erodibility of Farmland Shelterbelts in the Bashang Region of China. Forests 2023, 14, 1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091827
Liu Q, Li J, Guo Z, Chang C, Wang H. The Relationships between Root Traits and the Soil Erodibility of Farmland Shelterbelts in the Bashang Region of China. Forests. 2023; 14(9):1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091827
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Qianyuan, Jifeng Li, Zhongling Guo, Chunping Chang, and Huimin Wang. 2023. "The Relationships between Root Traits and the Soil Erodibility of Farmland Shelterbelts in the Bashang Region of China" Forests 14, no. 9: 1827. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091827