Integration of Phenotypes, Phytohormones, and Transcriptomes to Elucidate the Mechanism Governing Early Physiological Abscission in Coconut Fruits (Cocos nucifera L.)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological Comparison of Fruits
2.2. Enzyme Activity and Phytohormone Content in Fruits
2.3. Transcriptome
2.3.1. Evaluation of Transcriptome Sequencing Data
2.3.2. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Analysis of DEGs
2.3.3. DEGs Related to the Most Enrichment Pathways
2.3.4. DEGs Related to Cell Wall Remodeling
2.3.5. DEGs Related to Phytohormones
2.3.6. TFs
2.4. DEG Validation by RT-qPCR
3. Discussion
3.1. Crucial Enrichment Pathways
3.2. Phytohormones
3.3. Cell Wall Remodeling-Related Genes
3.4. TFs Related to Fruit Abscission
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials
4.2. Measurement of Enzyme Activity
4.3. Measurement of Phytohormones
4.4. Transcriptomics Analysis
4.5. Validation of DEGs in Coconut Seedlings via qRT-PCR
4.6. Statistical Analysis of Data
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | Clean Reads | Clean Bases | GC Content | % ≥ Q30 |
---|---|---|---|---|
AF1 | 25,706,542 | 7,648,661,534 | 0.485 | 0.9497 |
AF2 | 21,558,918 | 6,435,636,332 | 0.4855 | 0.948 |
AF3 | 24,423,723 | 7,296,011,600 | 0.4946 | 0.9489 |
CF1 | 20,557,756 | 6,141,122,658 | 0.4904 | 0.9466 |
CF2 | 19,627,078 | 5,860,569,898 | 0.4931 | 0.9383 |
CF3 | 21,330,627 | 6,362,206,920 | 0.4853 | 0.9454 |
Sample | Total Reads | Mapped Reads | Uniq Mapped Reads | Multiple Map Reads | Reads Map to ‘+’ | Reads Map to ‘−’ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AF1 | 51,413,084 | 48,391,912 (94.12%) | 45,777,509 (89.04%) | 2,614,403 (5.09%) | 24,041,632 (46.76%) | 24,079,623 (46.84%) |
AF2 | 43,117,836 | 40,482,546 (93.89%) | 38,332,913 (88.90%) | 2,149,633 (4.99%) | 20,126,344 (46.68%) | 20,099,546 (46.62%) |
AF3 | 48,847,446 | 45,864,997 (93.89%) | 43,494,824 (89.04%) | 2,370,173 (4.85%) | 22,808,379 (46.69%) | 22,800,063 (46.68%) |
CF1 | 41,115,512 | 38,884,564 (94.57%) | 36,707,903 (89.28%) | 2,176,661 (5.29%) | 19,238,804 (46.79%) | 19,339,734 (47.04%) |
CF2 | 39,254,156 | 36,835,121 (93.84%) | 33,592,867 (85.58%) | 3,242,254 (8.26%) | 17,692,349 (45.07%) | 17,969,384 (45.78%) |
CF3 | 42,661,254 | 40,290,145 (94.44%) | 37,962,049 (88.98%) | 2,328,096 (5.46%) | 19,867,801 (46.57%) | 19,992,141 (46.86%) |
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Lu, L.; Dong, Z.; Yin, X.; Chen, S.; Mehvish, A. Integration of Phenotypes, Phytohormones, and Transcriptomes to Elucidate the Mechanism Governing Early Physiological Abscission in Coconut Fruits (Cocos nucifera L.). Forests 2024, 15, 1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081475
Lu L, Dong Z, Yin X, Chen S, Mehvish A. Integration of Phenotypes, Phytohormones, and Transcriptomes to Elucidate the Mechanism Governing Early Physiological Abscission in Coconut Fruits (Cocos nucifera L.). Forests. 2024; 15(8):1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081475
Chicago/Turabian StyleLu, Lilan, Zhiguo Dong, Xinxing Yin, Siting Chen, and Ambreen Mehvish. 2024. "Integration of Phenotypes, Phytohormones, and Transcriptomes to Elucidate the Mechanism Governing Early Physiological Abscission in Coconut Fruits (Cocos nucifera L.)" Forests 15, no. 8: 1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081475