Multiple HPV Infections and Viral Load Association in Persistent Cervical Lesions in Mexican Women
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Sample Collection and DNA Extraction
2.3. HPV Genotyping and Viral Load
2.4. Follow-Up Samples
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sample Collection
3.2. Pap Smears and HPV Genotyping at the First Consultation
3.3. Multiple HPV Infections at the First Consultation
3.4. HPV Viral Load
3.5. HPV-Positive Patients Follow-Up
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical Variable | Median | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Age | ||
HPV positive | 34.90 | 0.169 |
HPV negative | 37.05 | |
Number of sexual contacts | ||
HPV positive | 2.95 | 0.586 |
HPV negative | 2.90 | |
Age of first sexual contact | ||
HPV positive | 17.88 | 0.032 |
HPV negative | 18.66 | |
Treatment received* | cases | % |
Cervical conization surgery | 31 | 17.4 |
LEEP | 17 | 9.6 |
Hysterectomy | 20 | 11.2 |
Cryotherapy | 11 | 6.2 |
Pap Smear Result | Total Cases per Group | Total Cases of Multiple HPV Infections | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of Cases | % of Cases | |||
Normal | 48 | 36 | 75.0 | 0.2431 |
ASCUS | 10 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.0147 |
LSIL | 57 | 31 | 54.3 | 0.7598 |
HSIL | 47 | 30 | 63.8 | 0.7968 |
CC | 3 | 1 | 33.3 | 1.0000 |
Not available | 13 | - | - | |
Overall | 178 | 105 | 59.0 |
Patients Groups HPV Type | # cases | Multiple Infection # Cases | % | p-Value Chi |
---|---|---|---|---|
Overall HPV types (top) | ||||
16 | 60 | 47 | 78.3 | 0.0001 |
18 | 45 | 38 | 84.4 | 0.0001 |
39 | 40 | 34 | 85.0 | 0.0001 |
52 | 39 | 32 | 82.1 | 0.001 |
51 | 33 | 26 | 78.8 | 0.011 |
Normal | ||||
52 | 18 | 16 | 88.9 | 0.009 |
18 | 17 | 16 | 94.1 | 0.002 |
16 | 16 | 15 | 93.8 | 0.005 |
39 | 14 | 12 | 85.7 | 0.062 |
51 | 13 | 10 | 76.9 | 0.338 |
LSIL | ||||
18 | 15 | 12 | 80.0 | 0.034 |
52 | 13 | 9 | 69.2 | 0.345 |
16 | 12 | 11 | 91.7 | 0.007 |
51 | 12 | 9 | 75.0 | 0.191 |
39 | 11 | 9 | 81.8 | 0.880 |
58 | 11 | 8 | 72.7 | 0.312 |
HSIL | ||||
16 | 23 | 17 | 73.9 | 0.145 |
39 | 12 | 10 | 83.3 | 0.167 |
18 | 11 | 9 | 81.8 | 0.171 |
31 | 11 | 9 | 81.8 | 0.171 |
56 | 9 | 9 | 100.0 | 0.018 |
Most Frequent HR-HPV Multiple Infections | |
---|---|
HPV types | Cases |
16, 18 | 15 |
18, 51 | 13 |
18, 52 | 12 |
39, 51 | 12 |
39, 52 | 12 |
Others | 41 |
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Oyervides-Muñoz, M.A.; Pérez-Maya, A.A.; Sánchez-Domínguez, C.N.; Berlanga-Garza, A.; Antonio-Macedo, M.; Valdéz-Chapa, L.D.; Cerda-Flores, R.M.; Trevino, V.; Barrera-Saldaña, H.A.; Garza-Rodríguez, M.L. Multiple HPV Infections and Viral Load Association in Persistent Cervical Lesions in Mexican Women. Viruses 2020, 12, 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12040380
Oyervides-Muñoz MA, Pérez-Maya AA, Sánchez-Domínguez CN, Berlanga-Garza A, Antonio-Macedo M, Valdéz-Chapa LD, Cerda-Flores RM, Trevino V, Barrera-Saldaña HA, Garza-Rodríguez ML. Multiple HPV Infections and Viral Load Association in Persistent Cervical Lesions in Mexican Women. Viruses. 2020; 12(4):380. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12040380
Chicago/Turabian StyleOyervides-Muñoz, Mariel A., Antonio A. Pérez-Maya, Celia N. Sánchez-Domínguez, Anais Berlanga-Garza, Mauro Antonio-Macedo, Lezmes D. Valdéz-Chapa, Ricardo M. Cerda-Flores, Victor Trevino, Hugo A. Barrera-Saldaña, and María L. Garza-Rodríguez. 2020. "Multiple HPV Infections and Viral Load Association in Persistent Cervical Lesions in Mexican Women" Viruses 12, no. 4: 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12040380