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Volume 14
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Article

Mucin Transiently Sustains Coronavirus Infectivity through Heterogenous Changes in Phase Morphology of Evaporating Aerosol

by
Robert W. Alexander
1,
Jianghan Tian
2,
Allen E. Haddrell
2,*,
Henry P. Oswin
2,
Edward Neal
2,
Daniel A. Hardy
2,
Mara Otero-Fernandez
2,
Jamie F. S. Mann
3,
Tristan A. Cogan
3,
Adam Finn
1,
Andrew D. Davidson
1,
Darryl J. Hill
1,* and
Jonathan P. Reid
2,*
1
School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
2
School of Chemistry, Cantock’s Close, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
3
Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2022, 14(9), 1856; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091856
Submission received: 1 June 2022 / Revised: 18 August 2022 / Accepted: 20 August 2022 / Published: 24 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aerosol Transmission of Viral Disease)
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Abstract

Respiratory pathogens can be spread though the transmission of aerosolised expiratory secretions in the form of droplets or particulates. Understanding the fundamental aerosol parameters that govern how such pathogens survive whilst airborne is essential to understanding and developing methods of restricting their dissemination. Pathogen viability measurements made using Controlled Electrodynamic Levitation and Extraction of Bioaerosol onto Substrate (CELEBS) in tandem with a comparative kinetics electrodynamic balance (CKEDB) measurements allow for a direct comparison between viral viability and evaporation kinetics of the aerosol with a time resolution of seconds. Here, we report the airborne survival of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and determine a comparable loss of infectivity in the aerosol phase to our previous observations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Through the addition of clinically relevant concentrations of mucin to the bioaerosol, there is a transient mitigation of the loss of viral infectivity at 40% RH. Increased concentrations of mucin promoted heterogenous phase change during aerosol evaporation, characterised as the formation of inclusions within the host droplet. This research demonstrates the role of mucus in the aerosol phase and its influence on short-term airborne viral stability.
Keywords: bioaerosol; COVID-19; airborne disease transmission; mucus; CELEBS bioaerosol; COVID-19; airborne disease transmission; mucus; CELEBS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Alexander, R.W.; Tian, J.; Haddrell, A.E.; Oswin, H.P.; Neal, E.; Hardy, D.A.; Otero-Fernandez, M.; Mann, J.F.S.; Cogan, T.A.; Finn, A.; et al. Mucin Transiently Sustains Coronavirus Infectivity through Heterogenous Changes in Phase Morphology of Evaporating Aerosol. Viruses 2022, 14, 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091856

AMA Style

Alexander RW, Tian J, Haddrell AE, Oswin HP, Neal E, Hardy DA, Otero-Fernandez M, Mann JFS, Cogan TA, Finn A, et al. Mucin Transiently Sustains Coronavirus Infectivity through Heterogenous Changes in Phase Morphology of Evaporating Aerosol. Viruses. 2022; 14(9):1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091856

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexander, Robert W., Jianghan Tian, Allen E. Haddrell, Henry P. Oswin, Edward Neal, Daniel A. Hardy, Mara Otero-Fernandez, Jamie F. S. Mann, Tristan A. Cogan, Adam Finn, and et al. 2022. "Mucin Transiently Sustains Coronavirus Infectivity through Heterogenous Changes in Phase Morphology of Evaporating Aerosol" Viruses 14, no. 9: 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091856

APA Style

Alexander, R. W., Tian, J., Haddrell, A. E., Oswin, H. P., Neal, E., Hardy, D. A., Otero-Fernandez, M., Mann, J. F. S., Cogan, T. A., Finn, A., Davidson, A. D., Hill, D. J., & Reid, J. P. (2022). Mucin Transiently Sustains Coronavirus Infectivity through Heterogenous Changes in Phase Morphology of Evaporating Aerosol. Viruses, 14(9), 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091856

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