Type I Interferonopathy among Non-Elderly Female Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Single-Cell Transcriptome Data
2.2. Data Download and Alignment
2.3. The scRNA-seq Transcriptome Analysis
2.4. Functional Enrichment Analysis
2.5. Transcription Factor (TF) Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Changes in Peripheral Immune Cells among Non-Elderly Female PASC
3.3. Changes in Peripheral Blood Monocytes among Non-Elderly Female PASC
3.4. Increased Expression of Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs) in Monocytes
3.5. The scRNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis of B Cells
3.6. The scRNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis of T Cells
3.7. The scRNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis of NK Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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GSMID | Gender | Age (Year) | Group | Hospitalization | Sample Type | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GSM7493832 | Female | 37 | Non-PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493834 | Female | 38 | Non-PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493835 | Female | 50 | Non-PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493836 | Female | 57 | PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493837 | Female | 46 | PASC | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493838 | Female | 49 | PASC | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493839 | Female | 33 | PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493840 | Female | 43 | PASC | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493841 | Female | 48 | PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493842 | Female | 26 | PASC | No | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM7493843 | Female | 46 | PASC | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 38212464 [10] |
GSM6249254 | Female | 29 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35810186 [8] |
GSM6249257 | Female | 32 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35810186 [8] |
GSM6249270 | Female | 45 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35810186 [8] |
GSM6249272 | Female | 27 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35810186 [8] |
GSM6249274 | Female | 44 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35810186 [8] |
GSM6249276 | Female | 60 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35810186 [8] |
GSM4509015 | Female | 63 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 32651212 [9] |
GSM4509022 | Female | 38 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 32651212 [9] |
GSM4509023 | Female | 54 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 32651212 [9] |
GSM4697613 | Female | 53 | Acute COVID-19 | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 35064122 [12] |
GSM4697623 | Female | 56 | Acute COVID-19 | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 35064122 [12] |
GSM5025734 | Female | 46 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025736 | Female | 53 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025737 | Female | 39 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025739 | Female | 47 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025741 | Female | 53 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025742 | Female | 61 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025744 | Female | 46 | Acute COVID-19 | Not provided | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025764 | Female | 53 | Acute COVID-19 | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025769 | Female | 38 | Acute COVID-19 | Yes | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025770 | Female | 44 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025771 | Female | 34 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025772 | Female | 39 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025777 | Female | 50 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025778 | Female | 52 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM5025780 | Female | 56 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 35281000 [11] |
GSM7512193 | Female | 61 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 38259488 [13] |
GSM8123915 | Female | 25–50 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 38509155 [14] |
GSM8123910 | Female | 25–50 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 38509155 [14] |
GSM8123895 | Female | 25–50 | Healthy | -- | PBMC | PMID: 38509155 [14] |
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Xu, D.; Qin, X. Type I Interferonopathy among Non-Elderly Female Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19. Viruses 2024, 16, 1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091369
Xu D, Qin X. Type I Interferonopathy among Non-Elderly Female Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19. Viruses. 2024; 16(9):1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091369
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Donghua, and Xuebin Qin. 2024. "Type I Interferonopathy among Non-Elderly Female Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19" Viruses 16, no. 9: 1369. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091369